{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670318950836736.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/2014gl060306"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2014GL060306"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014GL060306"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Magnitude −7 level earthquakes: A new lower limit of self‐similarity in seismic scaling relationships"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Microfractures occurring in a rock sample that are called acoustic emission (AE) events show some similar features to earthquakes. However, it remains to be shown whether or not AE equate to ultramicroearthquakes. In this study, we show the existence of magnitude −7 level earthquakes based on seismological analyses of AE source parameters. Advances in multichannel, broadband, high‐speed continuous recording of AE under seismogenic pressure conditions has facilitated increasingly robust measurement. Source parameters of AE show that AE events satisfy the same scaling relationship as natural earthquakes in which seismic moment is inversely proportional to the cube of corner frequency. This result suggests that both millimeter scale fractures and natural earthquakes of kilometer scale ruptures are highly similar as physical processes. Hence, AE events can be interpreted as ultramicroearthquakes having a magnitude of about −7. These results demonstrate that laboratory observation is an effective approach in studying natural earthquake generation process.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318950836738","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Nana Yoshimitsu"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"The Center for Integrated Disaster Information Research, Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"},{"@value":"Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318950836737","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Hironori Kawakata"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"College of Science and Engineering Ritsumeikan University  Shiga Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670318950836736","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Naoki Takahashi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Sumitomo Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd.  Tokyo Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00948276"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"19448007"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Geophysical Research Letters"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2014-07-03","prism:volume":"41","prism:number":"13","prism:startingPage":"4495","prism:endingPage":"4502"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2F2014GL060306"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/2014GL060306"}],"createdAt":"2014-06-09","modifiedAt":"2023-10-03","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050016361179682048","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Source parameter estimation of acoustic emissions induced by hydraulic fracturing in the laboratory"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050025872940624384","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Linking the spatiotemporal distribution of static stress drops to source faults in a fluid-driven earthquake swarm, northeastern Noto Peninsula, central Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360286993150068224","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Robust Stress Drop Estimates of Potentially Induced Earthquakes in Oklahoma: Evaluation of Empirical Green's Function"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360572092496879744","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Switching from seismic faulting to silent slips in harzburgite induced by H2O fluid at upper mantle pressures"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848654734613760","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Unexpectedly frequent occurrence of very small repeating earthquakes (−5.1 ≤ <i>M<sub>w</sub></i> ≤ −3.6) in a South African gold mine: Implications for monitoring intraplate faults"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361131417223010560","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Emergence and disappearance of very small repeating earthquakes on a geological fault in a gold mine in South Africa"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001288122422784","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"南アフリカ大深度金鉱山での微小破壊観測による震源の物理の研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Study of Earthquake Generation Process by Acoustic Emission Observation in Deep Gold Mines in South Africa"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ミナミアフリカ ダイシンド キンコウザン デ ノ ビショウ ハカイ カンソク ニ ヨル シンゲン ノ ブツリ ノ ケンキュウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390570543474605696","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Bridge the Gap Between Laboratory Scale to Natural Scale Using Near Fault Observations"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"破壊面近傍観測による室内岩石実験から自然地震までの橋渡し研究"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ハカイメン キンボウ カンソク ニ ヨル シツナイ ガンセキ ジッケン カラ シゼン ジシン マデ ノ ハシワタシ ケンキュウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051996267026454912","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Relationship between coseismic slip and static stress drop of similar aftershocks of the 2007 Noto Hanto earthquake"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2014gl060306"},{"@type":"OPENAIRE","@value":"doi_dedup___::d1093522ee0e6ad7b1f73e5bcf709074"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1093/gji/ggac202_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2019jb017483_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4294/zisin.2020-19_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-015-0277-0_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s00410-020-01716-x_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1002/2015jb012447_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4294/zisin.2017-13_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-024-02074-9_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.tecto.2018.10.014_references_DOI_3NiJsiDlfKLgj8coJWq1FZ3geeT"}]}