{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670319536927744.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/jc091ic09p10585"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2FJC091iC09p10585"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JC091iC09p10585"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Mean surface energy fluxes over the global ocean"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>A newly available consolidated data set from the U.S. Navy's Fleet Numerical Weather Central in Monterey, California, is utilized to investigate global energy fluxes at the sea‐air interface. Sea surface temperature data from January 1949 to December 1979 were extracted from the data set along with air temperature, sea level pressure, dew point temperature, wind speed, wind direction, and cloud cover. Five degree latitude by five degree longitude spatial averaging and monthly temporal averaging were applied to the parameters in the data set for the purpose of studying long‐term large‐scale fluctuations. The heat balance of the global ocean surface layer is calculated using bulk flux formulations. Maps of the long‐term monthly and annual means of the net surface energy flux together with the four components of the total flux (latent heat flux, sensible heat flux, incoming radiation, and outgoing radiation) for the global oceans are presented. Incoming solar radiation and latent heat flux are the two dominant components that control net surface energy fluxes. Wind speed, cloud cover, and the gradient of specific humidity are the three most important meteorological parameters in determining surface flux. Errors associated with the bulk formula calculations and the significant features of the energy balance at the ocean surface are discussed.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319536927744","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Jane Hsiung"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1986-09-15","prism:volume":"91","prism:number":"C9","prism:startingPage":"10585","prism:endingPage":"10606"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2FJC091iC09p10585"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/JC091iC09p10585"}],"createdAt":"2008-02-06","modifiedAt":"2023-09-23","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848656311751552","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Volume transports proceeding to the Kuroshio Extension region and recirculating in the Shikoku Basin"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206504747264","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"海面熱フラックス変動から見た北半球における大規模大気海洋相互作用について"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Large Scale Air Sea Interaction in the Northern Hemisphere from a View Point of Variations of Surface Heat Flux by SVD Analysis"},{"@value":"海面熱フラックス変動から見た北半球における大規模大気海洋相互作用について〔英文〕"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"カイメン ネツ フラックス ヘンドウ カラ ミタ キタハンキュウ ニ オケル"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206504958592","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"亜熱帯域の降水帯(梅雨前線帯、SPCZ、SACZ)にみられる大規模場の共通性第1部:亜熱帯前線帯としての特徴"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Large-Scale Common Features of Subtropical Precipitation Zones (the Baiu Frontal Zone, the SPCZ, and the SACZ) Part I: Characteristics of Subtropical Frontal Zones"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206508053888","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"ECMWF解析から見積ったアジアの夏のモンスーンにおける放射と地表面エネルギー交換の役割"},{"@language":"en","@value":"The Roles of Radiation and Surface Energy Transfer in the Asian Summer Monsoon Inferred from ECMWF Analyses"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001206565065472","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Surface heat budget and heat balance in the oceanic mixed layer in the central equatorial Pacific ocean during the 1986-87 El Nino."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"1986-1987エル・ニーニョ期の熱帯太平洋中部海域における海面熱収支と海洋混合層内の熱バランス"},{"@value":"Surface heat budget and heat balance in the oceanic mixed layer in the central equatorial Pacific ocean during the 1986–87 El Niño"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681481225088","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"表面水温アノマリの時間変動の類似性にもとつく北太平洋の海域区分"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Partition of the North Pacific Ocean Based on Similarity in Temporal Variations of the SST Anomaly"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282681541776128","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Radiation balance and heat budget at the ocean/atmosphere interface in the western North Pacific."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"西部北太平洋の放射と海面熱収支"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051996266981899520","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Saildrone-observed atmospheric boundary layer response to winter mesoscale warm spot along the Kuroshio south of Japan"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/jc091ic09p10585"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/bf02108887_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj1965.70.4_813_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40645-020-00358-8_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/bf02108888_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1007/s10872-013-0173-9_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj1965.70.1b_303_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj1965.73.4_781_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.2151/jmsj1965.66.3_433_references_DOI_Ih4RYo2QuquoR916w9GG2q4PSFY"}]}