{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670319564365440.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2018jb015581"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2018JB015581"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1029/2018JB015581"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"The<i>M</i>7 2016 Kumamoto, Japan, Earthquake: 3‐D Deformation Along the Fault and Within the Damage Zone Constrained From Differential Lidar Topography"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:p>Three‐dimensional near‐fault coseismic deformation fields from high‐resolution differential topography provide new information on the behavior of the shallow fault zone in large surface‐rupturing earthquakes. Our work focuses on the 16 April 2016<jats:italic>M</jats:italic><jats:sub><jats:italic>w</jats:italic></jats:sub>7.0 Kumamoto, Japan, earthquake, which ruptured ~40 km of the Futagawa‐Hinagu Fault Zone on Kyushu Island with an oblique strike‐slip mechanism and surface offset exceeding 2 m. Our differential lidar analysis constrains the structural style of strain accommodation along the primary fault trace and the surrounding damage zone. We show that 36 ± 29% and 62 ± 32% of the horizontal and vertical deformation, respectively, was accommodated off the principal fault trace. The horizontal strains of up to 0.03 suggest that the approximate elastic strain limit was exceeded over a ~250 m width in many locations along the rupture. The inelastic deformation of the fault volume produced the observed distributed deformation at the Earth's surface. We demonstrate a novel approach for calculating 3‐D displacement uncertainties, indicating errors of centimeters to a few decimeters for displacements computed over 50 m horizontal windows. Errors correlate with land cover and relief, with flatter agricultural land associated with the highest displacement uncertainty. These advances provide a framework for future analyses of shallow earthquake behavior using differential topography.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365443","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Chelsea P. Scott"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365444","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"J Ramon Arrowsmith"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Space Exploration Arizona State University Tempe AZ USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365441","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Edwin Nissen"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"School of Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Victoria Victoria BC Canada"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365445","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Lia Lajoie"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Department of Geophysics Colorado School of Mines Golden CO USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365440","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tadashi Maruyama"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Geological Survey of Japan, AIST Tsukuba Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670319564365442","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Tatsuro Chiba"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Asia Air Survey Co., Ltd. Kawasaki Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"21699313"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21699356"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2018-07","prism:volume":"123","prism:number":"7","prism:startingPage":"6138","prism:endingPage":"6155"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#am","http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2018JB015581"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1029/2018JB015581"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/am-pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JB015581"}],"createdAt":"2018-07-05","modifiedAt":"2024-07-07","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282457449856","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"DS-Net: A dedicated approach for collapsed building detection from post-event airborne point clouds"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360848663120853504","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"3D Surface Displacement and Surface Ruptures Associated with the 2014 Mw 6.2 Nagano Earthquake Using Differential Lidar"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390019512864674432","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Seismic Constraints on the Subsurface Extent of Subparallel Surface Ruptures in Mashiki Town, Japan, associated with the 2016 Kumamoto Earthquake"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"2016年熊本地震で益城町の低地に生じた並走断層群を横断する反射法地震探査"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2050870367078661120","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Repeated triggered ruptures on a distributed secondary fault system : an example from the 2016 Kumamoto earthquake, southwest Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051433317028471808","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Characteristics of secondary-ruptured faults in the Aso Caldera triggered by the 2016 Mw 7.0 Kumamoto earthquake"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2051714791998694528","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Surface rupture and characteristics of a fault associated with the 2011 and 2016 earthquakes in the southern Abukuma Mountains, northeastern Japan, triggered by the Tohoku-Oki earthquake"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1029/2018jb015581"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1016/j.jag.2022.103150_references_DOI_EPfUZerWgoJ8oQO5gCncwYfyhZL"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-021-01371-x_references_DOI_EPfUZerWgoJ8oQO5gCncwYfyhZL"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-020-01306-y_references_DOI_AbZ1nkvNlJjC8ZsvYZQAwfV4jnH"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.4294/zisin.2023-16_references_DOI_EPfUZerWgoJ8oQO5gCncwYfyhZL"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1785/0120180020_references_DOI_EPfUZerWgoJ8oQO5gCncwYfyhZL"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.1186/s40623-019-1085-8_references_DOI_EPfUZerWgoJ8oQO5gCncwYfyhZL"}]}