{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320689706240.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1126/science.1169938"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1169938"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Deep-Sea Temperature and Ice Volume Changes Across the Pliocene-Pleistocene Climate Transitions"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:title>Stepping Down</jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            Earth's environment changed markedly over the past 5.2 million years, when a permanent ice sheet has developed in the Northern Hemisphere and the glacial cycle has changed its period from roughly every 40,000 years to the dominantly 100,000-year duration of the past half-million years. One of the biggest questions about these changes is whether they were “threshold” responses to a gradual, uniform cooling trend or whether they represent reactions to discrete episodes of cooling.\n            <jats:bold>Sosdian and Rosenthal</jats:bold>\n            (p.\n            <jats:related-article xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\" ext-link-type=\"doi\" page=\"306\" related-article-type=\"in-this-issue\" vol=\"325\" xlink:href=\"10.1126/science.1169938\">306</jats:related-article>\n            ) present deep-ocean temperature records from the North Atlantic that show that the cooling happened in distinct steps, at 3 to 2.5 million years ago and at 1.2 to 0.85 million years ago. Combining their record with that of deep ocean water oxygen isotopes allowed the distinction between effects due to global cooling and ice-sheet dynamics.\n          </jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320689706241","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Sindia Sosdian"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institute of Marine and Coastal Science and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA."}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320689706240","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Yair Rosenthal"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Institute of Marine and Coastal Science and Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA."}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00368075"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"10959203"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Science"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2009-07-17","prism:volume":"325","prism:number":"5938","prism:startingPage":"306","prism:endingPage":"310"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"https://www.science.org/doi/pdf/10.1126/science.1169938"}],"createdAt":"2009-09-03","modifiedAt":"2024-01-10","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216137513088","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Orbital obliquity cycles recorded in Kuroshio Current region, eastern Asia, around Plio–Pleistocene boundary"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004232469425280","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Differences between the last two glacial maxima and implications for ice-sheet, δ18O, and sea-level 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