{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363670320899813888.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1029/2002jb001919"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2002JB001919"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2002JB001919"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HANDLE","@value":"11386/1002094"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"80016168383"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Source mechanisms of explosions at Stromboli Volcano, Italy, determined from moment‐tensor inversions of very‐long‐period data"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Seismic data recorded in the 2–30 s band at Stromboli Volcano, Italy, are analyzed to quantify the source mechanisms of Strombolian explosions during September 1997. To determine the source‐centroid location and source mechanism, we minimize the residual error between data and synthetics calculated by the finite difference method for a point source embedded in a homogeneous elastic medium that takes topography into account. Two source centroids are identified, each representative of the distinct event types associated with explosive eruptions from two different vents. The observed waveforms are well reproduced by our inversion, and the two source centroids that best fit the data are offset 220 and 260 m beneath and ∼160 m northwest of the active vents. The source mechanisms include both moment‐tensor and single‐force components. The principal axes of the moment tensor have amplitude ratios 1:1:2, which can be interpreted as representative of a crack, if one assumes the rock matrix at the source to have a Poisson ratio ν = 1/3, a value appropriate for hot rock. Both imaged cracks dip ∼60° to the northwest and strike northeast–southwest along a direction parallel to the elongation of the volcanic edifice and a prominent zone of structural weakness, as expressed by lineaments, dikes, and brittle structures. For our data set, the volume changes estimated from the moments are ∼200 m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> for the largest explosion from each vent. Together with the volumetric source is a dominantly vertical force with a magnitude of 10<jats:sup>8</jats:sup> N, consistent with the inferred movement of the magma column perched above the source centroid in response to the piston‐like rise of a slug of gas in the conduit.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813891","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bernard Chouet"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"U.S. Geological Survey  Menlo Park California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813895","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Phillip Dawson"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"U.S. Geological Survey  Menlo Park California USA"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813894","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Takao Ohminato"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813888","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Marcello Martini"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Osservatorio Vesuviano  Naples Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813896","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Gilberto Saccorotti"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Osservatorio Vesuviano  Naples Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813889","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Flora Giudicepietro"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Osservatorio Vesuviano  Naples Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813892","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Gaetano De Luca"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Servizio Sismico Nazionale  Rome Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813893","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Giuliano Milana"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Servizio Sismico Nazionale  Rome Italy"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1383670320899813890","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Roberto Scarpa"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Università di Salerno  Salerno Italy"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"01480227"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"American Geophysical Union (AGU)"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2003-01","prism:volume":"108","prism:number":"B1","prism:startingPage":"2019"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor"],"url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1029%2F2002JB001919"},{"@id":"https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2002JB001919"}],"createdAt":"2003-05-23","modifiedAt":"2023-10-14","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050001335841220224","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Magnitude–frequency distribution of volcanic explosion earthquakes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050290384124568576","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Machine-learning-based detection of volcano seismicity using the spatial pattern of amplitudes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050869456405723904","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Gas flux cyclic regime at an open vent magmatic column inferred from seismic and acoustic records"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360285707319379712","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Rheology of basaltic ash from Stromboli volcano inferred from intermittent compression experiments"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360565165869715200","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Changes to the volcanic outgassing mechanism and very-long-period seismicity from 2007 to 2011 at Mt. 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