{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1364233270621164800.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.3390/fishes3040041"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/41/pdf"}}],"dc:title":[{"@value":"Biological and Ecological Roles of External Fish Mucus: A Review"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@value":"<jats:p>Fish mucus layers are the main surface of exchange between fish and the environment, and they possess important biological and ecological functions. Fish mucus research is increasing rapidly, along with the development of high-throughput techniques, which allow the simultaneous study of numerous genes and molecules, enabling a deeper understanding of the fish mucus composition and its functions. Fish mucus plays a major role against fish infections, and research has mostly focused on the study of fish mucus bioactive molecules (e.g., antimicrobial peptides and immune-related molecules) and associated microbiota due to their potential in aquaculture and human medicine. However, external fish mucus surfaces also play important roles in social relationships between conspecifics (fish shoaling, spawning synchronisation, suitable habitat finding, or alarm signals) and in interspecific interactions such as prey-predator relationships, parasite–host interactions, and symbiosis. This article reviews the biological and ecological roles of external (gills and skin) fish mucus, discussing its importance in fish protection against pathogens and in intra and interspecific interactions. We also discuss the advances that “omics” sciences are bringing into the fish mucus research and their importance in studying the fish mucus composition and functions.</jats:p>"}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1384233270621164802","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Miriam Reverter"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"ISEM, IRD, CNRS, EPHE, Institut of Evolution of Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France"},{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, 66860 Perpignan, France"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1384233270621164800","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Nathalie Tapissier-Bontemps"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, 66860 Perpignan, France"},{"@value":"Laboratoire d’Excellence “CORAIL”, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1384233270621164801","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"David Lecchini"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Laboratoire d’Excellence “CORAIL”, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia"},{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1384233270621164804","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Bernard Banaigs"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, 66860 Perpignan, France"},{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1384233270621164803","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@value":"Pierre Sasal"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, 66860 Perpignan, France"},{"@value":"Centre des Recherches et Observatoire de l’Environnement, PSL Research University, EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, CRIOBE USR 3278, BP 1013, 98729 Papetoai, Moorea, French Polynesia"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"24103888"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@value":"Fishes"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@value":"MDPI AG"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2018-10-09","prism:volume":"3","prism:number":"4","prism:startingPage":"41"},"reviewed":"false","dc:rights":["https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"],"url":[{"@id":"https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/3/4/41/pdf"}],"createdAt":"2018-10-09","modifiedAt":"2025-10-11","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360017282235912192","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The Tire-Derived Chemical 6PPD-quinone Is Lethally Toxic to the White-Spotted Char <i>Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius</i> but Not to Two Other Salmonid Species"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294643853608064","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Chemical cues for intraspecific chemical communication and interspecific interactions in aquatic environments: applications for fisheries and aquaculture"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360576118818419328","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Alteration of hemoglobin ß gene expression in mucosal tissues of Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus, in response to heat stress, Edwardsiella piscicida infection, and immunostimulants administration"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390024246560152704","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Comparison of the Fecal Microbiota from Long-term Captive and Newly Captured Whale Sharks (<i>Rhincodon typus</i>)"},{"@value":"Comparison of the Fecal Microbiota from Long-term Captive and Newly Captured Whale Sharks (Rhincodon typus)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390848250140953088","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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