Involvement of 11β-HSD1 in metabolic syndrome and periodontal disease

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It has been suggested that 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), a glucocorticoid-activating enzyme, plays an important role in metabolic syndrome. Although the relationship between periodontal disease and metabolic syndrome has been established, the involvement of 11β-HSD1 in periodontal disease has not been reported. This study was performed to elucidate the role of 11β-HSD1 as a new therapeutic target in periodontal disease. Periodontal tissue was obtained from patients diagnosed as having periodontal disease for the experimental group and from patients whose teeth were extracted for orthodontic treatment as the control group. The expression levels of RANKL, RANK, osteoprotegerin and 11β-HSD1 mRNA were examined by reverse transcription-PCR. There was no apparent difference in RANKL, RANK or osteoprotegerin mRNA expression between the control group and the periodontal disease group, whereas a statistically significant increase of 11β-HSD1 mRNA expression was detected in the periodontal disease group compared with the controls. Furthermore, the depth of periodontal pockets significantly correlated with the increased expression of 11β-HSD1 mRNA. These results suggest that the increased expression of 11β-HSD1 may play a role in the progression of periodontal disease.

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