近世濃尾農村における生産構造の変化 : 土地・人口・牛馬の量的観察を通じて

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タイトル別名
  • The Changing Features of Production Factors in Tokugawa Rural Economy : A Case of Owari and Mino Provinces
  • キンセイ ノウビ ノウソン ニ オケル セイサン コウゾウ ノ ヘンカ トチ ジンコウ ギュウバ ノ リョウテキ カンサツ オ ツウジテ

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説明

The main purposes of this article are to find out and analyze the aspects of the three factors of production-population, livestock and land-and their interelations during the Tokugawa age of Japan. I will take the case of the rural area of Owari and Mino provinces of Nagoya-han. The sources are the survey books of every villages of this area by the administration. We have two texts, Kanbun mura-mura oboegaki (Survey Books of Villages in the Age of Kanbun-1661-1673) and Junko-ki (The Records of Village Survey, 1790-1820). In these sources, with a few exceptions, we can see population, the number of livestock, the area of taxed lands and their estimated productions. I will try to show, first of all, the regional distribution of these factors in each period, and secondly, to analyze the growth rates of these factors and their interelations-the livestock/population ratio, the land productivity, etc. The basic statistics of population are given in the previous article- " Nobi chiho jinkoshi kenkyu joron" (Introduction to a Study on the Population History in Nobi District) Tokugawa Rinseishi Kenkyu Kiyo, 1969-, the growth rates of population varied regionally from 93.1 percent in Seto area to -11.2 percent in the suburban area of Nagoya. Generally speaking, the growth rates are higher in the surrounding areas of Nobi plain than in the plain area itself. The mean size of households clearly decreased in all areas from 5.55 to 4.18 (the average of overall 635 villages in Owari province). The number of livestock sharply fell. In Owari, the total numbers in "Junko-ki" are only 34 percent of the previous survey. But in Mino, specially in their mountaineous area the decreasing rates are not so high. The livestock/man ratio fell almost to zero in the plain area. Muscular power surprisingly substituted for livestock power. Though the mean size of households ore smallest, the land productivity are highest in the plain area. All these features show that the rice cultivation undertaking by family members is highly intensive.

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