{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205220242176.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1625/jcam.2.45"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"7355754"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/7355754"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I7355754"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcam/2/1/2_1_45/_pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130000079416"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2005184602"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Propolis as a Material for Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"補完代替医療素材としてのプロポリス"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"ホカン ダイタイ イリョウ ソザイ ト シテ ノ プロポリス"}],"dc:language":"ja","description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Propolis is a resinous product by European honeybees, which they use as a supporting material for the nest structure. It has been used as a folk medicine in European and African countries, and nowadays the tradition became popular worldwide. Especially in Japan, bulk of propolis is used as a supplementary health food and drinks. This article outlined researches about propolis and its components, and reviewed the biological activities of propolis quoting 163 articles published worldwide. The investigations have shown the evidences concerning anti-microorganismal, anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-cancer, anti-hepatotoxic, and other activities. When it is used as an alternative medicine, however, cautions should be cared on the diversity among propolis samples mainly due to plant origins.<br>"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"ミツバチの生産物の一つであるプロポリスは，ミツバチが植物の防衛物質である樹脂などを集めて，巣の補強，保持に供するものである．また民間医療薬として用いられてきた歴史があり，昨今の日本では健康食品として普及している．各種の生理活性が報告されているが，本稿では 163編の文献を引用しながら，プロポリスの由来，研究の概況，化学成分について略述し，補完代替医療素材としての観点から幅広い生理活性について，その活性成分の検討，作用機作，また実際の効果試験についての研究成果を紹介した．取り上げた生理活性は，抗微生物（細菌，真菌，原虫，ウイルス）活性，抗酸化作用，抗炎症作用，抗腫瘍活性，抗肝毒性，とその他の作用である．また，利用に当たっての注意事項も付した．<br>"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410853646502749184","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021354421"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"MATSUKA Mitsuo"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"松香 光夫"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"玉川大学ミツバチ科学研究施設"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Honeybee Science Research Center, Tamagawa University"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Propolis Reserchers' Association"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"プロポリス研究者協会"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030003658405594370","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"30256002"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000030256002"},{"@type":"NDL_AUTHOR_ID","@value":"001269328"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021354415"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409622402"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409622348"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002694827"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000008100313"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409622351"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000240106540"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409622320"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004393517"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000009847745"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000018471814"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000253174429"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000240539402"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000255960979"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000010521693"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/read0044945"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"NAKAMURA Jun"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"中村 純"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"玉川大学ミツバチ科学研究施設"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Honeybee Science Research Center, Tamagawa University"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"13487922"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"13487930"},{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"000004235143"},{"@type":"ISSN","@value":"13487922"},{"@type":"LISSN","@value":"13487922"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AA12095429"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japanese Journal of Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日本補完代替医療学会誌"},{"@language":"en","@value":"JJCAM"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日代替誌"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese Society for Complementary and Alternative Medicine"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日本補完代替医療学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2005","prism:volume":"2","prism:number":"1","prism:startingPage":"45","prism:endingPage":"57"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/7355754"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I7355754"},{"@id":"http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jcam/2/1/2_1_45/_pdf"},{"@id":"https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2005184602"}],"availableAt":"2005","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=propolis","dc:title":"propolis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=a%20material%20for%20complementary%20and%20alternative%20medicine","dc:title":"a material for complementary and alternative medicine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anti-microbial%20activity","dc:title":"anti-microbial activity"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anti-oxidative%20effect","dc:title":"anti-oxidative effect"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anti-inflammatory%20effect","dc:title":"anti-inflammatory effect"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anti-tumor%20activity","dc:title":"anti-tumor activity"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=anti-hepatotoxicity","dc:title":"anti-hepatotoxicity"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9","dc:title":"プロポリス"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E8%A3%9C%E5%AE%8C%E4%BB%A3%E6%9B%BF%E5%8C%BB%E7%99%82%E7%B4%A0%E6%9D%90","dc:title":"補完代替医療素材"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%8A%97%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7","dc:title":"抗微生物活性"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%8A%97%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8","dc:title":"抗酸化作用"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%8A%97%E7%82%8E%E7%97%87%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8","dc:title":"抗炎症作用"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%8A%97%E8%85%AB%E7%98%8D%E6%B4%BB%E6%80%A7","dc:title":"抗腫瘍活性"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%8A%97%E8%82%9D%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7","dc:title":"抗肝毒性"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256790620416","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15580111"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15580111"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15580111/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"プロポリスとその起源植物に関する化学生物学的研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Chemical and biological studies of propolis and its origin plants"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143620709888","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propolin C from propolis induces apoptosis through activating caspases, Bid and cytochrome c release in human melanoma cells"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143676010624","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Evaluation of antilipid peroxidative action of propolis ethanol extract"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143892465792","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Enhanced Cytotoxicity in a <i>Z</i>-Photoisomer of a Benzopyran Derivative of Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011144264013824","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of propolis from Brazil and Bulgaria on fungicidal activity of macrophages against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145068418176","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propolis: A Review"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145621432448","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antimicrobial Effects of Propolis Extracts on\n                    <i>Escherichia coli</i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>\n                    Strains Resistant to Various Antibiotics and Some Microorganisms"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011145866676480","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Application of High Temperature High Resolution Gas Chromatography to Crude Extracts of Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011146230497280","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Potent Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Propol Isolated from Brazilian Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011146393340160","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"In vitro antiviral activity of propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011146621001728","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activity of propolis of different geographic origin"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292618494769280","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Protective action of propolis on the rat colon carcinogenesis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619054934144","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) prevents inflammatory stress in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619725512320","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Occupational contact dermatitis from propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619790010496","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619853923968","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Inhibitory effect of propolis and bee venom on the mutagenicity of some direct- and indirect-acting mutagens"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619908047360","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Advances in flavonoid research since 1992"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292620376761728","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effect of water extract of Turkish propolis on tuberculosis infection in guinea-pigs"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292620889658496","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Flavonoids and trypanocidal activity of Bulgarian propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292621409203456","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Identification by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of 150 Compounds in Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292621509052288","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Comparison of Radical Scavenging Activity, Cytotoxic Effects and Apoptosis Induction in Human Melanoma Cells by Taiwanese Propolis from Different Sources"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574093539230080","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The effect of propolis and its components on eicosanoid production during the inflammatory response"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574093964980608","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Cytotoxic Prenylflavanones from Taiwanese Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574094198489856","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and its flavones on inducible gene expression in J774A.1 macrophages"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095449680768","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Immunomodulatory action of propolis. Influence on anti-infectious protection and macrophage function"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574096115472000","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Hepatoprotective and anti-Helicobacter pylori activities of constituents from Brazilian propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574096194213504","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Estrogenic effects of ethanol and ether extracts of propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574096483140224","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Pulmonary carcinogenesis induced by ferric nitrilotriacetate in mice and protection from it by Brazilian propolis and artepillin C"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569157064192","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Rapid Screening of Polar Compounds in Brazilian Propolis by High-Temperature High-Resolution Gas Chromatography−Mass Spectrometry"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569509851904","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Chemical composition and microbicidal activity of extracts from Brazilian and Bulgarian propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855569748429696","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Current Developments in the Discovery and Design of New Drug Candidates from Plant Natural Product Leads<sup>,</sup>"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855570192017024","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effect of different formulations of propolis on mice infected with Trypanosoma cruzi"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855570609941504","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propolis, an old remedy used in modern medicine"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360855571093570432","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propolis, a new bee‐related allergen"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137043654304768","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effects of <i>Apis mellifera</i> Propolis on the Activities of Streptococcal Glucosyltransferases in Solution and Adsorbed onto Saliva–Coated Hydroxyapatite"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137043881101440","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Screening of antibacterial activity of Amaicha del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina) propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044322516992","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Post-initiation effects of a super critical extract of propolis in a rat two-stage carcinogenesis model in female F344 rats"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137044815514752","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Inhibition of neutrophils' chemiluminescence by ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) and its phenolic components"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137045974768000","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antibacterial furofuran lignans from Canary Islands propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137046281123200","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Propolis: chemical composition, biological properties and therapeutic activity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361137046341026944","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Review of the biological properties and toxicity of bee propolis (propolis)"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418518576198784","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The effect of propolis exposure on microhardness of human enamel <i>in vitro</i>"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418518591417728","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Free Radical Scavenging by Ethanol Extract of Propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519104724480","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Anti-genotoxicity of galangin as a cancer chemopreventive agent candidate"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519227740928","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Chemical Composition of European Propolis: Expected and Unexpected Results"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519552895104","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Phytochemical compounds involved in the anti-inflammatory effect of propolis extract"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519910740864","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Caffeic acid prevents liver damage and ameliorates liver fibrosis induced by CCI<sub>4</sub> in the rat"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418519995422720","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Allergic contact cheilitis induced by repeated contact with propolis‐enriched honey"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418520599269504","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antimutagenicity of ethanol extracts of bee glue against environmental mutagens"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361418521066011776","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antitumor and Anticytopenic Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Propolis in Combination with Chemotherapeutic Agents"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993499046656","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits nitric oxide synthase gene expression and enzyme activity"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993574842624","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"CONSTITUENTS OF PROPOLIS"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699993840263552","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"In Vivo Antioxidative Activity of Propolis Evaluated by the Interaction with Vitamins C and E and the Level of Lipid Hydroperoxides in Rats"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995516912000","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Antibacterial activity of essential oils from Brazilian propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699995851614080","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"The biochemistry and medical significance of the flavonoids"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361699996136948864","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Allergic contact stomatitis due to therapeutic propolis"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981468369231360","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Própolis: 100 anos de pesquisa e suas perspectivas futuras"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1361981468437990144","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Effect of a propolis extract and caffeic acid 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