{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205354526464.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.2208/jscejipm.72.138"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejipm/72/2/72_138/_pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130005152773"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"ニューヨーク市プラザプログラムによる街路利活用とマネジメント"},{"@language":"en","@value":"USES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE STREETS OPERATED BY ‘PLAZA PROGRAM’ IN NEW YORK CITY"},{"@value":"USES AND MANAGEMENT OF THE STREETS OPERATED BY &lsquo;PLAZA PROGRAM&rsquo; IN NEW YORK CITY"}],"dc:language":"ja","description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"This research focuses on the uses and management of the streets operated by the ‘Plaza Program’ in New York City. Plaza Program is one of the local governmental policies of New York City which has created more than 60 pedestrianized spaces for its neighborhoods and citizens since 2008.<br> The Study aims to clarify how the past policies on streets influences the contents of the Program and to analyze the effects and issues of the current management system organized by both of public and private sectors from the view of community vitalization. As results, it points out the key factors for realizing the implementation of large numbers of plazas in a short term and advantages of Plaza Program compared with other means of pedestrianization such as construction of malls.<br> This research was conducted with field surveys, document reviews, and interviews with the New York City Department of Transportation, non-profit organizations concerned with the Program and local private sector such as Business Improvement Districts.<br> Consequently, the paper points out the key factors for implementation of plazas and their management: 1) the non-profit organizations with experts on place making and job training fosters the uses and maintenance of the streets by various types of local private organizations, by giving the technical supports and human resources, 2) cross-departmental teamwork inside the city government office and 3) comprehensive special planning of the plazas with efficient uses of existing facilities along the streets.<br> Additionally, the research suggests the advantages of the Plaza Program system in the points of 1) small sized pedestrianization lightens the burden of private sectors with no experience of management, 2) flexible furniture and plans for visitors and event uses, 3) giving priority to the communities which are ready for pedestrianization and 4) clear role-sharing between public and private sectors."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"本研究はアメリカ・ニューヨーク市交通局による施策の一つである「Plaza Program(プラザプログラム)」制度を対象とし，(1)制度化に至るまでの同市の歩行者空間に関する施策の変遷，(2)制度の運用方法及び計画された歩行者空間(プラザ)の空間的特徴について整理を行い，制度の特徴を明らかにした．さらに，(3)多様な種類の民間組織によるマネジメントの実態から，マネジメントの成果として，渋滞などの交通問題の緩和に加えて，コミュニティが抱える社会的課題への取組みや地域活動の活発化，景観の魅力向上がもたらされていることを提示した．<br>　以上から得られた知見を総括し，プラザプログラムが短期間に普及してきた要因，従来の街路利活用のマネジメントの仕組みと比較した際の利点と課題を明らかにした．"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801182223616","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"00772922"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000000772922"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000378113503"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345440192"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410195377"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404142700"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000386095497"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402242529"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000406293295"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000397963382"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370250240"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410002097"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000343332470"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000380980268"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258089180"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000336378790"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370250398"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409172334"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409792793"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402611989"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401262361"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410513750"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399378226"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370250419"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404622052"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000302390867"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585786"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410277154"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404654379"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241695348"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345439966"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409587151"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404851289"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399759585"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404143245"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399748906"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000388994690"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399765795"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399378018"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410629417"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399377102"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404142726"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410006673"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000378113623"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000367406946"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345346280"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585693"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412134548"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399378791"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000242698321"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404943861"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370249987"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347321773"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000323842797"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585764"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409868823"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000336379630"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401338775"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585778"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585849"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399765090"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398630097"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000403435874"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000370249450"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409585699"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409587095"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405884866"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404943851"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000378113479"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000378113093"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405884946"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000276438772"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000356907996"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345452632"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000380980294"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345439928"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404144168"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000294334503"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/miuras"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"三浦 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敦"},{"@language":"en","@value":"DEGUCHI Atsushi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"東京大学 新領域創成科学研究科"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21856540"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. D3 (Infrastructure Planning and Management)"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集D3（土木計画学）"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE, Ser. D3"},{"@language":"en","@value":"JJSCE D3"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE Ser. D3"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE, D3"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集Ｄ３（土木計画学）"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木計画学研究論文集"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土論Ｄ３"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集Ｄ３"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japan Society of Civil Engineers"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"公益社団法人 土木学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2016","prism:volume":"72","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"138","prism:endingPage":"152"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejipm/72/2/72_138/_pdf"}],"availableAt":"2016","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=street","dc:title":"street"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=pedestrianization","dc:title":"pedestrianization"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=traffic%20calming","dc:title":"traffic calming"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=place%20making","dc:title":"place making"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=BID","dc:title":"BID"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781836796032","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15J07068"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15J07068"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15J07068/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"多様性を内包した公共空間の持続的ガバナンス手法の構築"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282257259177728","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"26249085"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP26249085"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26249085/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"「ストリート」の管理と利活用を通じた公共空間の公共性と地域ガバナンスの段階的発展"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Phased Development Process of Concept of Public Space and Local Governance through Analysis on Street Use and Management"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292621434903168","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Spatial Regulation in New York City"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1363388844224077312","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Local Policies and Practices That Support Safe Pedestrian Environments"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204784854400","@type":"Article","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"FUNCTION AS PLAZA AND MANAGEMENT OF ELEVATED PEDESTRIAN DECK FACING RAILWAY STATION"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"駅前デッキの広場機能とマネジメントに関する研究"},{"@value":"駅前デッキの広場機能とマネジメントに関する研究 : 柏駅東口ダブルデッキの変遷と活用実態"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"エキマエ デッキ ノ ヒロバ キノウ ト マネジメント ニ カンスル ケンキュウ : カシワエキ ヒガシグチ ダブルデッキ ノ ヘンセン ト カツヨウ 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