Islet Transplantation for Type 1 Diabetes

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  • GALA-LOPEZ BORIS
    Clinical Islet Transplant Program. Department of Surgery, University of Alberta
  • KAWAHARA TOSHIYASU
    Division of Gastroenterological and Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University
  • PEPPER ANDREW R.
    Clinical Islet Transplant Program. Department of Surgery, University of Alberta
  • SHAPIRO A.M. JAMES
    Clinical Islet Transplant Program. Department of Surgery, University of Alberta

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説明

Decades of research have brought islet transplantation from the dream of few to the reality of many. This procedure started as an experimental method to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus, which features β-cell dysfunction due to auto immunity. The burden of complication in these patients is cumulative and has become a major health problem, despite the availability of insulin therapy. The procedure relies on a sequence of finely orchestrated procedures starting in the donor and followed by several steps to isolate high quality islets. Extensive research is nowadays focussed in improving islet engraftment by providing a more beneficial environment to newly transplanted cells, coupled by more effective immunosuppressive drugs to avoid allo and auto immunity. Excellent results are now a reality in the most specialized centers. Yet, further steps are required to transform this low-risk treatment in a widely available and long-lasting therapy for diabetics worldwide.

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