{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205633989888.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.14907/primate.28.0_56"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130005471444"}}],"dc:title":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"原人に生理的早産はあったか？―ホモ・フロレシエンシスの頭骨化石からの示唆"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Did Homo erectus experience physiological premature delivery?; Implications from the skull of Homo floresiensis"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"ヒト（<i>Homo sapiens</i>）はその脳サイズから予測されるよりも11ヶ月早く、未熟な状態の赤ん坊を産む。この現象は生理的早産と呼ばれ、ヒトの新生児が出生後しばらく未熟な状態で胎生期の脳発育スピードを維持し、大きな脳を成長させる現象（二次的晩成）と関連している。つまり生理的早産は、ヒトにおける脳進化と直接関連するライフヒストリー上の重要なイベントである。<br>　ヒトは直立二足歩行をするため骨盤幅と産道が狭いが、一方で脳を大きく成長させる強い淘汰圧を受けたために、生理的早産および二次的晩成が進化したと考えられている。つまり胎児の脳が大きくなりすぎて産道の通過が不可能になる前に、未熟な状態の赤ん坊を分娩するのである。人類史における生理的早産の起源を探求するため、これまで化石から新生児の脳サイズや母親の産道サイズを推定する試みがなされてきた。しかし不完全な化石の復元や年齢推定の誤差、身体サイズの個人差といった不確定要素があるために、この手法での問題解決には限界がある。本発表では、我々がホモ・フロレシエンシス（フローレス原人）の頭骨化石を研究している際に着想した、新しい研究法の可能性について論じる。<br>　フロレシエンシスのタイプ標本の頭骨に認められた変形性斜頭（deformational plagiocephaly:ＤＰ）は、現代人にしばしば認められる頭骨変形の一形態で、新生児の頭骨が未発達で柔らかいため、頸部筋群も未発達で頭の位置をうまくコントロールできない赤ん坊の頭が、就寝時に床反力によって歪むことに起因するとされる。そうであるなら、この変形は二次的晩成の進化に伴って顕現してきた可能性が高く、ＤＰの存在は化石人類において二次的晩成が存在したかどうかを吟味する際の直接的指標となる可能性がある。"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410001205633989888","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"海部 陽介"},{"@language":"en","@value":"KAIFU Yousuke"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"科博・人類"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276165183232","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"60432332"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000060432332"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347201120"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000000519231"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000248221575"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391975752"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149884"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001307663"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002641409"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241854939"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149984"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149991"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391973562"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967133"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000368404867"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000254652658"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000000879336"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391973602"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000018778111"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000297493733"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967574"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/dai-s"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"清水 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Tsuyoshi"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"国立成育医療センター・形成外科"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420282801213066368","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"80600113"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000080600113"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000293834645"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283335552"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000300220053"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000023393599"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402023313"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149992"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967649"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000336040818"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391970206"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967271"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000382639686"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347150089"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347150042"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000259833617"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391969510"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000403598753"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"矢野 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Wataru"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都大・霊長研"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420001326225103232","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"80452308"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000080452308"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0003-3800-2194"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000015507344"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000024432478"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000298264595"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412160839"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000300220060"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402262988"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399527171"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001754754"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412547743"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000303993518"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405872148"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404525537"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000318590165"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404131409"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000388536064"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000310741468"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000297499585"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000009857172"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404525528"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001539751"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000388536113"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/takeshinishim"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"西村 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