{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205694628992.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.14866/ajg.2015a.0_100153"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1002/joc.4441"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.4441"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.4441"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.4441"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130005490280"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"PJパターンを通した夏季西部北太平洋域のモンスーン活動の数十年変調"},{"@language":"en","@value":"A 117-year long index of the Pacific-Japan pattern with application to interdecadal variability"},{"@value":"A 117‐year long index of the Pacific‐Japan pattern with application to interdecadal variability"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"<br><br><b>１．      </b><b>はじめに</b><b></b><br><br>夏季西部北太平洋域での代表的な気圧配置パターンとして、フィリピン海と日本付近の気圧偏差が逆相関の関係で年々変動するPJ (Pacific-Japan)パターンが知られている(Nitta 1987, Kosaka and Nakamura 2010)。これは、日本の猛暑・冷夏と関連して、東アジア太平洋域の夏の天候を広く特徴づける気圧配置パターンである。本研究では、PJパターンを地上データから定義することで1897－2013年のPJパターンを再現し、夏期西部北太平洋域のモンスーン活動の数十年変調を調べた。<br><br><b>２</b><b>.</b><b> </b><b> </b><b>データと解析手法</b><b></b><br><br>夏期（6－8月平均）の高度850hPaの渦度（10－55°N、100－160°E）の主成分解析（1979-2009年のJRA55データ）で得られた第1モードと海面気圧との相関を図1に示す。PJパターンに対応したフィリピン海と日本付近の逆相関が顕著な2地点（横浜と恒春）を選び、6－8月平均の気圧差(横浜－恒春)をPJパターンの指標（PJ指標）と定義した。解析期間は1897-2013年。<br><br><b>３．  </b><b>結果</b><br><br>PJ指標が正の年は日本、韓国、中国の長江流域で乾燥・猛暑となり、フィリピン海のモンスーン活動が活発で雨量が多く、沖縄や台湾を通過する台風活動も活発になる(図2)。一方で、負の年は逆に北日本の冷夏、日本のコメが不作、長江の洪水と対応する。PJ指標との関係を1897年まで遡ると、PJ指標とENSOとの相関が高いのは1970年代後半以降であることがわかる(図3)。それに対して1940年代から1970年代は不明瞭、さらに1930年代、1910年代より前は再び明瞭になる関係があり、数十年の間隔で明瞭、不明瞭の時期が繰り返されていることがわかる。日本の夏の気温、コメの収穫量、台湾や沖縄を通過する台風数とPJ指標との関係もまた、明瞭、不明瞭の時期を数十年間隔で繰り返しており、変化が一方向でないことから、変調が地球温暖化よりも気候の自然変動に伴うことを示唆している。"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276173836160","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"40359211"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000040359211"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479436"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000369349145"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402256255"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479865"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479294"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000314065179"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392820757"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375921512"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392046423"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363499664"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479047"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001341678"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479812"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363478911"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016710198"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479400"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392044540"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016709128"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479569"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479401"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392046285"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363480539"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363480545"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412200648"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410906702"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392044545"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283593836"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000396167313"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479799"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479721"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479232"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283236700"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479023"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363479581"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402256077"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402255950"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257827494"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363480767"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402256228"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392820634"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257767169"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363401341"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402234"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402737"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363403243"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363400769"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402726"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402046"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363403535"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363404498"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363401680"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363403252"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363404507"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402358"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363403227"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363404649"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402712"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363403589"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363400786"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402428"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402743"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363402734"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363400525"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363400606"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/hisapo"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"久保田 尚之"},{"@language":"en","@value":"KUBOTA Hisayuki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"JAMSTEC"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"海洋研究開発機構"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751167656192","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"90746398"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000090746398"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0001-5575-4668"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000016856866"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257768323"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283236859"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000356659381"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347219082"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399812044"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399811026"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241831533"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000363504701"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413943258"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000413472816"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412317213"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/ykosaka"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"小坂 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California San Diego"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"University of California San Diego"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"08998418"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"10970088"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Proceedings of the General Meeting of the Association of Japanese Geographers"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日本地理学会発表要旨集"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Proc. Ass. Jpn. Geogr."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地理要旨集"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Association of Japanese Geographers"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"公益社団法人 日本地理学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2015","prism:volume":"2015a","prism:number":"0","prism:startingPage":"100153"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"https://api.wiley.com/onlinelibrary/tdm/v1/articles/10.1002%2Fjoc.4441"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/joc.4441"},{"@id":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full-xml/10.1002/joc.4441"}],"availableAt":"2015","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E3%83%A2%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3","dc:title":"夏季西太平洋モンスーン"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%B9%B4%E3%80%85%E5%A4%89%E5%8B%95","dc:title":"年々変動"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ENSO","dc:title":"ENSO"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E6%95%B0%E5%8D%81%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%89%E8%AA%BF","dc:title":"数十年変調"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=western%20North%20Pacific%20summer%20monsoon","dc:title":"western North Pacific summer monsoon"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Interannual%20variability","dc:title":"Interannual variability"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ENSO","dc:title":"ENSO"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Interdecadal%20modulations","dc:title":"Interdecadal modulations"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000782240748544","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"25282085"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP25282085"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-25282085/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"西部北太平洋モンスーンの長期変動によるアジア沿岸域の気候への影響"},{"@language":"en","@value":"The influence of long-term variability of western north Pacific summer monsoon to the coastal Asian climate"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256810096384","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"15H05466"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP15H05466"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-15H05466/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"マルチ気候モデルを用いた過去150年間における地球温暖化の加減速の再現と要因同定"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Reproduction and attribution of decadal accelerations and slowdowns of surface global warming in the past 150 years with multi-climate models"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282257256993792","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"26220202"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP26220202"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-26220202/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"過去120年間におけるアジアモンスーン変動の解明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Asian monsoon variability during the past 120 years"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050012570391745152","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Tropical cyclones over the western north Pacific since the mid-nineteenth century"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050282677537209216","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Atmospheric Rivers over the Northwestern Pacific: Climatology and Interannual Variability"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050869456407396224","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Tropical cyclone influence on the long-term variability of Philippine summer monsoon onset"},{"@value":"Tropical cyclone influence on the long-term variability of the Philippines summer monsoon onset"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004236557215488","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Mechanisms of Meridional Teleconnection Observed between a Summer Monsoon System and a Subtropical Anticyclone. 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