戦後東ドイツにおける土地改革と農民経営

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Land Reform and Peasant Farms in Eastern Germany after World War II
  • センゴ ヒガシ ドイツ ニ オケル トチ カイカク ト ノウミン ケイエイ

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説明

In Eastern Germany the land reform of 1945-46 expropriated the large "Junker" estates and created over 200,000 "new peasant farms". Research work carried out in Japan has attempted to explain teh significance that land reform brought to the restructuring of land ownership in the east, as far as the Elbe. Most of this work however, has ignored the role taken by land reform in the drastic restructuring of the peasant farms. 1) The land reform act of September 1945 set out the land reform program of the German Communist Party (KPD). This had as its objective not only the breaking up of the "Junker" estates but also the creation of large numbers of peasant farms, thereby meeting the demands of agrarian workers and poor peasants, and at the same time encouraging the formation of a powerful new social class. In this way, the political objective of bringing together peasants and workers in a powerful alliance could be achieved. 2) However, in the course of the expropriation of the estates by the land reform program and their conversion into new peasant farms, so-called "Cooperative farms" (Gemeinwirtschaft) occasionally came into being. 3) These "Cooperative farms" inevitably arose with a historical necessity from the class struggle for land reform and also due to other economical difficulties with the new peasant farms. 4) New peasant farms established by abolishing these "Cooperative farms" came to promote socialistic collective farms in GDR which have appeared since 1952.

収録刊行物

  • 土地制度史学

    土地制度史学 20 (1), 46-63, 1977

    土地制度史学会（現　政治経済学・経済史学会）

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