{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390009640053666816.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.2208/jscejhe.77.2_i_1279"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HDL","@value":"http://hdl.handle.net/2433/277663"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejhe/77/2/77_I_1279/_pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130008160029"}}],"resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"A DISCUSSION ON EXTREME PRECIPITATION UNDER 2°C AND 4°C WARMING IN d4PDF FOCUSING ON THE INVERSION OF FUTURE CHANGE"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"将来変化倍率の逆転に着目したd4PDF領域実験における2℃と4℃上昇の極端降水量の考察"}],"dc:language":"ja","description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"<p> This study discusses the case in which the maximum annual daily precipitation is larger in the 2-degree warming experiment than in the 4-degree warming experiment in the future projection by large ensemble dataset. The results show that such inversions occur in about 20% to 30% of the Japanese area in some experiments. One of the reasons is that the difference in results between two warming experiments is smaller in the SST pattern where many inversions occur than in the other SST pattern experiments. In order to avoid such an inversion problem, a two-pass bias correction method is presented. However, it is important to note that the bias correction can result in a correction of up to 50% before and after the correction.</p>"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"<p>　本研究では大規模アンサンブルデータによる将来予測実験結果において，2℃上昇実験結果における年最大日降水量の極値が，4℃上昇実験におけるそれを逆転する場合について考察を行った．分析の結果からこのような逆転は一部の海面水温パターンの実験では日本域の2割から3割程度で生じることが明らかとなった．この原因の一つとして，逆転が多数生じる海面水温パターンでは2つの昇温実験における降水量の差が他の海面水温パターンの実験よりも小さいことを示した．さらに，治水計画の検討などこのような逆転が問題となる場合への対応としてtwo-passバイアス補正手法により逆転を防ぐ方法を示すと共に，そのような補正ではモデル出力値の50％近い値が加減される場合があり，注意が必要であることを示した．</p>"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751137717504","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"20633845"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000020633845"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0001-5601-7854"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258267492"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347187080"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345211437"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414254560"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000379609398"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405672238"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405696200"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000017325190"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402255204"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258266329"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410728590"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375905118"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410756365"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402255245"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258265540"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000356605945"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414515048"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399373390"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283236787"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241777506"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324285"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414833007"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324478"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405666291"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405666761"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258523921"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404658370"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410756449"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375904826"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414833028"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405671948"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405672190"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410756381"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405666062"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000406228656"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405760647"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405696217"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323865"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405672182"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000356605963"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324275"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345211258"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410757038"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399833813"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399329739"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324463"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000243891795"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412041412"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410349693"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405671807"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000409326885"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000309987553"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000241832133"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414515411"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414254367"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410883396"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410168118"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410041500"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324336"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414514936"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405672025"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411217400"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405672242"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405691947"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411227440"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404003667"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323945"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000375904868"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000240071262"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000410756389"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399330245"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415324144"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323973"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000243891794"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412017532"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405666383"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258523455"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405696430"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/stswata"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"WATANABE Satoshi"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"渡部 哲史"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都大学特定 防災研究所"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420564276187558272","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"60594752"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000060594752"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323974"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323891"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"UTSUMI Nobuyuki"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"内海 信幸"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都先端科学大学 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Toshikazu"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"北野 利一"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"名古屋工業大学 工学系研究科"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410009640053666816","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415323976"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"NAKAKITA Eiichi"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"中北 英一"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都大学 防災研究所"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"2185467X"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers, Ser. B1 (Hydraulic Engineering)"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集Ｂ１（水工学）"},{"@value":"土木学会論文集B1（水工学）"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE, Ser. B1"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE Ser. B1"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Ser. B1"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J. JSCE"},{"@language":"en","@value":"JJSCE B1"},{"@language":"en","@value":"B1"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集Ｂ１（水工学）"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土木学会論文集Ｂ１"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"水工学論文集"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"土論Ｂ１"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japan Society of Civil Engineers"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"公益社団法人 土木学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2021","prism:volume":"77","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"I_1279","prism:endingPage":"I_1284"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jscejhe/77/2/77_I_1279/_pdf"}],"availableAt":"2021","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=precipitation","dc:title":"precipitation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=climate%20change","dc:title":"climate change"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ensemble%20simulations","dc:title":"ensemble simulations"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=d4PDF","dc:title":"d4PDF"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=bias%20correction","dc:title":"bias correction"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781992721536","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"18H01543"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP18H01543"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18H01543/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"複合災害を引き起こす自然外力の同時生起確率の評価システムの構築"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Joint Probability Evaluation System for Extreme Natural Forces causing Complex Disaster"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040018351901184384","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"23K20970"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP23K20970"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23K20970/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"気象システムに着目した東アジアにおける洪水の将来変化メカニズムの解明"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040282256980305920","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"18K13834"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP18K13834"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18K13834/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"流出量に対する統計的ダウンスケール手法の開発"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Developing statistical downscaling methods for rive 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