Toward the resolution of controversial chronologies for the World Heritage Site of Sangiran : Dating the first appearance of <i>Homo erectus</i> in the island of Java

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  • Matsu’ura Shuji
    Ochanomizu University Department of Anthropology, National Museum of Nature and Science

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  • 世界文化遺産サンギラン遺跡の年代論争の終結に向けて─ジャワ原人はどこまで遡るか─

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<p>The World Heritage Site of Sangiran in Indonesia has major importance for the understanding of human dispersals and settlement in eastern Asia in the Early Pleistocene. The Sangiran site is one of the most productive sites in human paleoanthropology, and it has produced a steady stream of Homo erectus fossils, now totaling over 100 specimens. However, it has long been lacking an accepted chronology ; the timing of the first appearance of Homo erectus in the region has been especially controversial.</p><p>This paper outlines the history of studies on the chronostratigraphy of the Sangiran site, noting that it has been widely accepted for the past two decades that Homo erectus reached Sangiran more than 1.5 million years ago, although other studies have failed to support this chronology. The paper also summarizes our recent research findings which make a seminal contribution to the chronological framework of the Sangiran site and should represent crucial steps to the resolution of the controversy. The first appearance datum for the Sangiran hominin fossils is now resolved to be best considered ca. 1.3 million years ago and less than 1.5 million years ago, which is significantly later than the dates widely accepted over the last two decades.</p>

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