Studies of Assisted Reproduction Techniques (ART) for HIV-1-Discordant Couples Using Washed Sperm and the Nested PCR Method: a Comparison of the Pregnancy Rates in HIV-1-Discordant Couples and Control Couples

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  • Kashima Katsunori
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
  • Takakuwa Koichi
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
  • Suzuki Mina
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan
  • Makino Mayuko
    Division of Infection Control, Niigata University Hospital of Medical and Dental Science, Japan
  • Kaneko Satoru
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ichikawa General Hospital, Tokyo Dental College, Japan
  • Kato Shingo
    Department of Microbiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan
  • Hanabusa Hideji
    Department of Hematology, Ogikubo Hospital, Japan
  • Tanaka Kenichi
    Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Japan

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<p>In this study, the efficacy and safety of assisted reproduction techniques with the sperm-washing method and nested PCR assay were evaluated in HIV-1-discordant couples, as many HIV-1-positive people of reproductive age are getting married and wish to have children safely. Twenty-seven HIV-1-discordant couples (husband, positive; wife, negative) were enrolled in this study. The spermatozoa were separated from semen samples by density gradient centrifugation and the swim-up method. HIV-1 RNA and proviral DNA were checked using nested PCR with a detection limit of one copy before fertilization and before embryo transfer. Clinical outcomes were compared with those of matched control couples. Thirty-eight cycles of in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection were performed in HIV-1-discordant couples, where the pregnancy rates per embryo transfer and per couple were 60.6 and 63.0%, respectively. These rates were significantly higher than those in control couples (P < 0.05). Furthermore, all of the females and babies remained HIV-1 negative throughout the study period. Our data strongly suggest that this technique will allow HIV-1-discordant couples to conceive more safely and effectively.<tt> </tt></p>

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