【目的】黒ショウガは東南アジアや沖縄県などで栽培されている薬用植物である．近年，黒ショウガ抽出物の機能性に関する研究が進んでおり，抗肥満・抗炎症・筋量維持効果など様々な生理機能が明らかにされている．我々は黒ショウガ根茎からポリメトキシフラボノイドを約80%まで高純度化したエキスの製造法を確立してきた．本研究では黒ショウガエキスの機能性を検証するために，各種モデル細胞株とモデル動物を用いて検討したので報告する．
【方法】黒ショウガエキスの抗肥満効果を評価するため，マウス3T3-L1脂肪前駆細胞に分化誘導試薬を用いて成熟脂肪細胞に分化させた後，サンプル刺激により脂肪が分解される際に生成する遊離グリセロール量を測定した．また尿酸産生に与える影響を評価するため，マウス由来AML12肝細胞株にサンプルを添加した後，尿酸前駆体で処理し，培養上清中に分泌された尿酸量を測定した．次いで高尿酸血症モデル動物に対する影響を検討するため，5週齢雄性ICRマウスにサンプルを4日間経口投与し，最終日にプリン体を腹腔内投与した後の血中尿酸濃度を測定した．最後に血管内皮における抗炎症効果を評価するためにTNF-αで炎症誘導したヒト臍帯静脈内皮細胞株HUVECsとヒト急性単球性白血病細胞株THP-1を用いた単球細胞接着率を測定した．
【結果】脂肪細胞における検討では黒ショウガエキスに濃度依存的な脂肪分解促進作用が認められた．肝細胞における検討では尿酸前駆体の添加によって誘導された尿酸産生が黒ショウガエキスの添加により抑制された．高尿酸血症モデル動物における検討ではプリン体投与により上昇した血中尿酸濃度を黒ショウガエキス投与群が抑制した．HUVECsにおける検討では黒ショウガエキスは濃度依存的に単球接着を抑制した．これらのことから黒ショウガエキスには肥満症と高尿酸血症を予防・改善する可能性が示唆された．
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