Cytogenetic Biodosimetry in Radiation Emergency Medicine: 6. Cytokinesis-block Micronucleus Assay and Its Role in Biodosimetry

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  • Goh Valerie Swee Ting
    Department of Radiobiology, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Singapore 138602, Singapore
  • Anderson Donovan
    Department of International Cooperation and Collaborative Research, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
  • Fujishima Yohei
    Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
  • Nakayama Ryo
    Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan Department of Radiation Life Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
  • Tran Thanh-Mai
    Biodosimetry Group, Centre of Radiation Technology and Biotechnology, Dalat Nuclear Research Institute, 1 Nguyen Tu Luc, Ward 8, Dalat City, Lamdong Province, Vietnam
  • Takebayashi Kai
    Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
  • Abe Yu
    Department of Radiation Biology and Protection, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
  • Kasai Kosuke
    Department of Bioscience and Laboratory Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan
  • Ariyoshi Kentaro
    Center for Integrated Science and Humanities, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikariga-oka, Fukushima City, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan
  • Nakata Akifumi
    Department of Life Science, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Hokkaido University of Science, Sapporo, 7-Jo 15-4-1 Maeda, Teine, Sapporo, Hokkaido 006-8590, Japan
  • Yoshida Mitsuaki A.
    Institute of Chromosome Life Science, 11-5-409, Fukuokachuo 2-Chome, Fujimino-shi, Saitama 356-0031, Japan
  • Miura Tomisato
    Department of Risk Analysis and Biodosimetry, Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University, 66-1 Hon-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8564, Japan

Bibliographic Information

Published
2025-02-28
DOI
  • 10.51083/radiatenvironmed.14.1_17
Publisher
Hirosaki University Press.

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Description

An alternative method to dose estimation in cytogenetic biodosimetry is the cytokinesis-block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. Similar to the dicentric chromosome assay, this method correlates micronuclei formation in binucleated cells with absorbed dose. Instead of colcemid to arrest cells transiting from metaphase to anaphase, cytochalasin B is added to dividing human peripheral blood lymphocytes for cytokinesis inhibition. In this series, the history, applications, and recent developments of the CBMN assay in the context of cytogenetic biodosimetry are discussed. The topics covered include cell culture techniques, harvest and fixation processes, cell staining, imaging methodologies, micronucleus scoring criteria and procedures, and dosimetry applications. This review aims to provide insights into the various aspects of the CBMN assay, highlighting its significance and potential improvements for precise dose estimation in radiation exposure scenarios.

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