{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282679310779776.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.4157/grj.37.627"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"9109044"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/9109044"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I9109044"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"10025830840"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130003567091"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"10017474524"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"10011618412"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"10003550005"}}],"dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"MODE OF CRUSTAL MOVEMENT IN THE LATE QUATERNARY ON THE SOUTHEAST COAST OF SHIKOKU. SOUTHWESTERN JAPAN"},{"@value":"土佐湾北東岸の海岸段丘と地殻変動"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"トサワン キタトウガン ノ カイガン ダンキュウ ト チカク ヘンドウ"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"On the southwest coast of Muroto Promontory, the southeastern tip of Shikoku, develop very magnificent coastal terraces, gradually descending toward northwest (Figs. 1 & 2). while on the east coast featureless steep scarps stretch northwards and, then, pass into ria-coast, submerged into the Kii Strait. The coastal terraces in this region are classified into two levels, which are called Muroto-misaki Terraces (M) and Hane-saki Terraces (H) in the ascending order. Terraces on each level are separated further into two or three subordinate levels (Fig. 3).<br> Most of these terrace surfaces are abraded flat rocky ones, usually covered by thin beach gravel beds. At some places, especially at mouths of comparatively large rivers in the northwestern part of the coast, however, terrace surfaces on both levels are composed of marine and fluvial gravel beds more than 20 meters in thickness. Narrow abraded lowlands lower than 15 meters above sea level extend along the coast and merge in alluvial plains of comparatively large rivers, which consist of gravel and sand layers thicker than 30 meters. From these facts is it inferred that the coastal region has been deeply dissected and then relatively submerged three times in process of formation of these coastal terraces.<br> On the south coast of Shikoku, it has been elucidated that severe earthquakes originating below the oceanic floors have occurred at an interval of about 120 years in the historic time and accompanied acute upheaval of the promontory, which amounts have diminished northwestwards, while in pre-seismic periods chronic subsidence increasing toward the promontory has been detected by precise levellings. In consequence of such pre- and post-seismic land deformations, Muroto Promontory has been upheaved, since amounts of acute upheaval accompanied by earthquakes have exceeded those of pre-seismic chronic subsidence.<br> Terrace surfaces on each level are generally flat and smooth, but are interrupted by many minor scarps lower than 5 meters. A. Watanabe (1961) explained, as the authors agree, that such characteristic features of terrace surfaces had been modelled in succession of intermittent small upheavals as was accompanied by the great earthquake in 1946. And further, heights of raised beaches preserved on coastal terraces have a positive and negative correlation respectively with amount of post-seismic acut eand pre-seismic chronic displacements of their neighbouring bench marks, as shown in Figs. 4 and 7. It is considered, therefore, that upheaval of coastal terraces has been mainly influenced by land deformation as have been accompas vied by great earthquakes.<br> It is proper to put a question why submergence has taken place three times in process of formation of coastal terraces on the coast where upheaval has predominated. The Japanese Islands have suffered from remarkable crustal movements throughout the Holocene, but velocity of upheaval of coastal regions has been generally far less than that of the post-Glacial eustatic rise of sea level. Accordingly, even actively upheaved coasts may have been submerged in consequence of the post-Glacial eustatic rise of sea level. From this point of view, it should be recognized that the physiographic development of Muroto Promontory has been achieved in composite process of crustal movement and eustatic change of sea level.<br> Judging from their physiographic development, it is reasonable to assume that Muroto-misaki Terraces were formed at a higher sea level in the Riss-Würm Interglacial, which commenced about 90, 000 years B. P. (H. E. Suess, 1956; R. W. Fairbridge, 1961)."},{"@value":"土佐湾北東岸に発達する海鍛丘は,上位より羽根岬面,室戸岬面および沖鷲地に分け皇れ,いずれも南東より北西に低くなる.室戸岬面の高さは南海地震の際の隆起量と正の相関を不し,地震削の沈降量とは負の相関を示す.約120年を周期としておこった大地震の際の室戸岬付近の隆起は,その間の沈降よりも大きく,段丘面の高度分布はこのような隆起沈降を差引した結果である南東より北西への傾動陸起にキって決定されたと考えられる.このような隆起地域であるにもかかわらず,各段丘面の形成過程に沈水期が挾まれているのは,氷期後の海面上昇速度が地盤の隆起速度を上回ったからに他ならない.<br> 室戸岬面は,その地形発達の過程より判断して,約9万年前にはじまる. Riss- Würm問氷期に形成されたと考えられる.室戸岬付近の大地震1周期の問における地盤隆起の平均速度は約2mm/年と算定され,もしRiss-Würm問氷期以後かかる性質の地殼変動が一様に継続したとすれば,室戸岬面は室戸岬付近において約180mの高さにあるはずであるが,これは事実と一致する.また水準測量の結果によると,安田の水準点を基準とした吉良川の水準点の高度は,大地震1周期の問に平均1.2mm/年の割含で増大しているが,もしRiss.Würm間氷期以後このような地殼変動がつづV・てきたのであれば,室戸岬面は吉良川において安田よりも細10m高いはずであるが,これも事実とほぼ一致する.したがって, Riss-Würm間糊以後,室戸岬付近は現在と同じく平均2mm/年の速さで北西へ傾動しつつ隆起してきたと考えられる.<br> このような地殼変動と第四紀における海面変化とを複合した結果は,この海岸の地形発達の過程とよく一致するので,この地域の海岸段丘の分化を生じたのは,地殻変動の緩急ではなく・海面変化の結果であり,その間地殼変動はほぼ一様に推移したと考えられる."}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030566608937225216","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"20011405"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000020011405"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002189050"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283650766"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"YOSHIKAWA Torao"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"吉川 虎雄"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Univ. of Tokyo"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"東京大学"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030003658986039690","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"60086999"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000060086999"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004596133"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021567811"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000255735281"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000254752968"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002496399"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000253273066"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"KAIZUKA Sôhei"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"貝塚 爽平"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Tokyo Metropolitan Univ."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"東京都立大学"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030003658311140996","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"80017714"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000080017714"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004416067"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000254753309"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000243873083"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000004557978"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402817903"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000333210549"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000300212976"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000255735283"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000003910716"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000253195153"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000009312699"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002496892"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002652048"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000396171426"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000392044107"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000365016765"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000239536750"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000256100849"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002343504"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021559111"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000283681309"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000006696415"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391626286"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000010196133"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"ÔTA Yôko"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"太田 陽子"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Yokohama. National Univ."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"横浜国立大学"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00167444"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21851719"},{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"000000015311"},{"@type":"ISSN","@value":"00167444"},{"@type":"LISSN","@value":"00167444"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AN00148053"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Geographical Review of Japan"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地理学評論"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Geogr. Rev. JPN, Chirigaku Hyoron, Geogr. Rev. of Japan"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地理評"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Association of Japanese Geographers"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"公益社団法人 日本地理学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1964","prism:volume":"37","prism:number":"12","prism:startingPage":"627","prism:endingPage":"648"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/9109044"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I9109044"}],"availableAt":"1964","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360005516883043328","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["isReferencedBy"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Geomorphological debates in Japan related to surface processes, tectonics, climate, research principles, and international geomorphology"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360294643803739392","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal 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