Danshen Inhibits Oxysterol-induced Endothelial Cell Apoptosis In Vivo

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  • Nakazawa Toru
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan. Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan. First Institute of New Drug Discovery, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima, Japan.
  • Xui Ning
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
  • Hesong Zeng
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
  • Kinoshita Mikio
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
  • Chiba Tsuyoshi
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan. Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Kaneko Eiji
    Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Yui Katsumasa
    Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Shimokado Kentaro
    National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan. Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan.

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Oxysterols induce apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells in vitro, but it is not clear whether they do so in vivo. We intravenously injected an oxysterol, cholestan-3β, 5α, 6β-triol, into rats and quantitatively analyzed endothelial cell apoptosis in the aorta. Oxysterol significantly promoted apoptosis in a time- and dose-dependent fashion. The apoptosis had increased 4.5-fold 6 hrs after injection, and returned to the background level at 48 hrs. An extract of the Chinese herb Danshen as well as probucol abolished triol-induced endothelial cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Since apoptotic cells are quickly cleared, oxysterol-induced apoptosis could significantly affect endothelial integrity over a long period of time. Radical scavengers may be useful for the prevention of endothelial damage.

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