{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680141666816.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.2354/psj.12.79"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"4047910"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/4047910"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I4047910"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"10011012785"}}],"dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The change of the locomotor pattern caused by the inclination of the substrata in a Japanese macaque"},{"@value":"支持基体の傾斜角度によるニホンザル運動様式の変化について"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"シジ キタイ ノ ケイシャ カクド ニヨル ニホンザル ノ ウンドウ ヨウシキ"}],"description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"In order to clarify the condition of the change from the horizontal quadrupedal walking to the vertical climbing in a Japanese macaque, we made an experiment on the inclined substrata. The subject was an adult male Japanese macaque. It freely moved on the substrata, a bamboo pole (8cm diameter). The inclination of the substrata was changed from 15 degrees to 65 degrees with each 5 degrees and the number of the steps was eleven. We put the surface extrodes and telemetry transmitters on the subject to record the activity of the triceps brachii and the biceps brachii. The patterns of the electromyography were clearly different between the horizontal quadrupedal walking and the vertical climbing.<br>The palm of the Japanese macaque touched the substrata on the behind side in the vertical climbing. It was found that this type of forelimb use was observed in the inclination of 50 degrees or more. The cycle duration also decreased at the inclination of 50 degrees or more. The relative duration of stance phase of the forelimb decreased at the inclination of 65 degrees and that of the hindlimb increased at the inclination of 55 degrees or more. The electromyography study showed three stages. The first stage was similar to the horizontal quadrupedal walking and it was seen at the inclination of 15 degrees or less. The second stage was the intermediate type and it was observed between the inclination of 20 degrees and 50 degrees. The last stage was similar to the pattern of vertical climbing at the inclination of 55 degrees or more. These results of electromyography were related to the difference in the locomotor function of the forelimb at different degrees of inclination."}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1030003658327776130","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"50217808"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000050217808"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0002-3864-0973"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002641296"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391964065"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347201117"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000248221576"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414222554"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401692864"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401710137"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398989560"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002296355"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000257834817"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391961876"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391969804"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149881"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408489257"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347149983"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000398989723"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258149595"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021122005"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391973884"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967578"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000404093108"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408489217"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408895428"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002641347"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000021379103"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391971318"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347150516"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401649890"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399350077"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002641406"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412588001"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000412588028"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000408489405"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258128708"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391967521"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000005736876"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000345419956"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000391963678"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000347201915"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/read0014276"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"NAKANO Yoshihiko"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"中野 良彦"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Department of Biological Anthropology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"大阪大学人間科学部生物人類学教室"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410290696658071682","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"ISHIDA Hidemi"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"石田 英実"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Laboratory of Physical Anthropology, Faculty of Science, Kyoto University"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都大学理学部自然人類学研究室"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410290696658071681","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001011610"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"HIRASAKI Eishi"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"平崎 鋭矢"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Department of Biological Anthropology, Faculty of Human Sciences, Osaka University"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"大阪大学人間科学部生物人類学教室"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"09124047"},{"@type":"LISSN","@value":"09124047"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"18802117"},{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"000000045199"},{"@type":"ISSN","@value":"09124047"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AN10080557"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Primate Research"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"霊長類研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Primate Res."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"霊長類研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Primate Research"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Primate Society of Japan"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"一般社団法人　日本霊長類学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"1996","prism:volume":"12","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"79","prism:endingPage":"87"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/4047910"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I4047910"}],"availableAt":"1996","relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360292619663526528","@type":"Article","relationType":["cites"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Electromyography of the gluteal muscles in <i>Hylobates, Pongo</i>, and <i>pan</i>: Implications for the evolution of hominid bipedality"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360574095171683072","@type":"Article","relationType":["cites"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Locomotion and Feeding Postures of Spider and Howling Monkeys: Field Study and Evolutionary 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