{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390282680436675584.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.5926/jjep1953.52.4_485"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NAID","@value":"130004624196"}}],"dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Why Are People Able to Acquire Absolute Pitch Only During Early Childhood?"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"なぜ絶対音感は幼少期にしか習得できないのか?"}],"dcterms:alternative":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Training Age and Acquisition of Absolute Pitch"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"訓練開始年齢が絶対音感習得過程に及ぼす影響"}],"dc:language":"ja","description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Determinations of pitch can be based on either of 2 attributes of a tone: its chroma, a quality shared by all notes described by a particular letter (e. g., C, D, E), and its height, the position of one note relative to others. Absolute pitch is the ability to identify a note based on its chroma. There is a critical period for the acquistion of absolute pitch. Although this skill can be achieved through appropriate training, it has been observed that children over the age of 6 find it difficult to acquire absolute pitch, and this difficulty increases with age. Our research institute has been investigating the relationship of age to the development of absolute pitch in children. The present experiment reports results from training 8 children (four 2-year-olds and four 5-year-olds). The younger children identified notes based on their chroma, whereas the older children focused mainly on the notes' height. This tendency to shift from an emphasis on chroma to one on height increased with increasing age, thereby making the acquisition of absolute pitch more difficult."},{"@language":"ja","@value":"絶対音感の発達には臨界期が存在し, 6歳を超えると絶対音感習得が困難であることが指摘されている。加齢にともなう変化が絶対音感の習得可能性を減じていると考えられるが, 本研究では年齢の異なる幼児 (2歳児4名, 5歳児4名) に対し, 同一の和音判別訓練法による絶対音感習得訓練を実践して彼らの絶対音感習得過程を縦断的に明らかにし, 年齢によって習得過程の様相も異なるのか調べることで, 加齢にともなう変化を検討した。音高という属性に「ハイト」と「クロマ」の2次元があるという考えに従えば, 絶対音感とはクロマの特定能力であり, その習得とはクロマの参照枠形成とみなせる。訓練課題のエラーから聴取傾向を記述すると, 習得過程中, 年少児は早い段階でクロマに着目し, 全体的にクロマ次元を重視した聴取傾向を示したのに対し, 年長児はクロマ次元の利用が少なく, 一貫してハイト次元に依存した聴取傾向を強く示した。加齢にともなう変化として, クロマ次元に依存する傾向が減じ, 逆にハイト次元に依存する傾向が増すという変化が示唆され, クロマの参照枠形成である絶対音感習得が, 加齢により不利になる様が示された。"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420845751154095616","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"70444122"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000070444122"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000240247505"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000003186706"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000003187045"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258509948"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000000839922"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000008232815"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000009407513"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000255874434"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258510093"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258510213"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000002427550"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399519494"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000265262562"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000403302687"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000258510427"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"SAKAKIBARA AYAKO"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"榊原 彩子"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"ICHIONKAI MUSIC SCHOOL"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"一音会ミュージックスクール"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"00215015"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"@value":"教育心理学研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese Journal of Educational Psychology"},{"@value":"教育心理学研究"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese Association of Educational Psychology"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2004","prism:volume":"52","prism:number":"4","prism:startingPage":"485","prism:endingPage":"496"},"reviewed":"false","availableAt":"2004","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=absolute%20pitch","dc:title":"absolute pitch"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=acquisition%20of%20absolute%20pitch","dc:title":"acquisition of absolute pitch"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=critical%20period","dc:title":"critical period"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=tone%20height%20and%20chroma","dc:title":"tone height and chroma"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=preschool%20children","dc:title":"preschool children"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E7%B5%B6%E5%AF%BE%E9%9F%B3%E6%84%9F","dc:title":"絶対音感"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E7%B5%B6%E5%AF%BE%E9%9F%B3%E6%84%9F%E3%81%AE%E7%BF%92%E5%BE%97%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B","dc:title":"絶対音感の習得過程"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E8%87%A8%E7%95%8C%E6%9C%9F","dc:title":"臨界期"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%92%8C%E9%9F%B3%E5%88%A4%E5%88%A5%E8%A8%93%E7%B7%B4%E6%B3%95","dc:title":"和音判別訓練法"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%81%A8%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9E","dc:title":"ハイトとクロマ"}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"JALC","@value":"oai:japanlinkcenter.org:1001612168"},{"@type":"CROSSREF","@value":"10.5926/jjep1953.52.4_485"},{"@type":"CIA","@value":"130004624196"}]}