Previous studies have indicated various developmental changes in sharing behaviors among young children. However, there have been limited discussions about the reasons for behavioral changes. The current study was designed to identify the developmental foundation of sharing behaviors in young children. A review of developmental research indicated three steps in the formation of sharing behavior in young children: (1) sharing dependent on the requests and emotional expressions of others, (2) equal sharing, and (3) selective sharing. It is suggested that these behavioral change are related to changes in children's motivation for sharing: altruistic motivation, the need to follow social norms, and the prospect of future reward. In addition, this article discusses the maturation of executive functions as related to sharing behaviors, and the facilitation of inhibition of immediate self-interests. Finally, a developmental model of sharing behavior in young children is proposed and tentative suggestions are proposed for future research designed to clarify developmental mechanisms of sharing behavior.
"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"幼児期，分配行動には様々な発達的変化が見られる。しかし，なぜそうした行動上の発達的変化が起こるのかについての議論は，これまで十分になされていない。本稿では，幼児期の分配行動の変化の発達的基盤を明らかにすることを目的とした。まず，分配行動についての実証的な発達研究を概観し，幼児期の分配行動には，他者の要求や情動表出に応じた分配から，平等な分配，選択的な分配への発達的変化があることを示した。その上で，それらの行動の変化には他者を喜ばせるという利他的動機，社会的規範の順守，自身の長期的な利益に対する期待という分配動機の変化が関連している可能性を議論した。さらに，即時的な自分の利益に対する欲求の抑制という視点から，実行機能の発達が分配行動に果たしている役割を考察し，幼児期の分配行動の発達モデルを示した。最後に，分配行動発達のメカニズムのさらなる理解のため，今後の分配行動研究の方向性についての試論を行った。
"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410572174039903744","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000326639853"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000396139181"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"熊木 悠人"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Kumaki Yuto"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"京都大学大学院教育学研究科"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"09159029"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"21879346"},{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"000000075088"},{"@type":"ISSN","@value":"09159029"},{"@type":"LISSN","@value":"09159029"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AN10229548"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese Journal of Developmental Psychology"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"発達心理学研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"JJDP"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"発達心理学研究"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japan Society of Developmental Psychology"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"一般社団法人 日本発達心理学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2016","prism:volume":"27","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"167","prism:endingPage":"179"},"url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/027435592"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I027435592"},{"@id":"https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2016338613"}],"availableAt":"2016","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95","dc:title":"分配行動"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%9A%84%E8%A6%8F%E7%AF%84","dc:title":"社会的規範"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E4%BA%92%E6%81%B5%E6%80%A7","dc:title":"互恵性"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%AE%9F%E8%A1%8C%E6%A9%9F%E8%83%BD","dc:title":"実行機能"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=%E5%B9%BC%E5%85%90","dc:title":"幼児"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Sharing%20behavior","dc:title":"Sharing behavior"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Social%20norm","dc:title":"Social norm"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Reciprocity","dc:title":"Reciprocity"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Executive%20function","dc:title":"Executive function"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Young%20children","dc:title":"Young children"}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"JALC","@value":"oai:japanlinkcenter.org:2004298528"},{"@type":"NDL_SEARCH","@value":"oai:ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp:R000000004-I027435592"},{"@type":"CIA","@value":"40020858384"},{"@type":"CIA","@value":"130007398717"}]}