We reviewed studies of active faults in Japan during the past 25 years, particularly since the 1995 Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake that drastically changed the system and budget for such studies. Active fault studies have been central to the national seismic hazard reduction program, led by the Headquarters for Earthquake Research Promotion (HERP). Many studies have examined ~100 major active fault zones, employing paleoseismic trenching and high-resolution shallow seismic reflection profiling. Several types of large-scale maps of active faults have been published, including digital maps with three-dimensional base maps. These data are fundamental to the long-term evaluation of earthquake occurrences on major active fault zones. New research techniques have been introduced to active fault studies, such as detailed digital elevation models (DEMs), light detection and ranging (LiDAR), photogrammetry using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), shallow subsurface geophysics, and OxCal age modelling of paleoseismic events. Since the 1995 earthquake, there have been several surface-rupturing inland earthquakes with highly variable earthquake magnitude and coseismic faulting behavior. These earthquakes illustrate the need for new criteria for long-term evaluation of seismic hazard, including the incorporation of non-characteristic earthquakes into seismic hazard models, rather than assuming only characteristic earthquakes for a given fault zone.
"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"本論文は，主に1990年以降に公表された論文や活断層図などを基に，日本の活断層研究の最近25年間の動向をまとめたものである．1995年の兵庫県南部地震以降，国の地震研究体制が大きく変化し，それに伴い活断層研究の体制が大きく変わった．それ以前とは比較にならない多額の予算が投入され，活断層の分布や活動履歴，地下構造に関する情報が急増し，活断層から発生する地震の長期予測に資するデータが蓄積された．一方，近年続発した内陸直下型被害地震は，活断層から発生する地震の規模や発生様式が多様かつ複雑であることを示しており，固有地震モデルに基づく地震の長期評価の妥当性の検証が必要である．活断層研究は，空中写真判読による地形解析と現地踏査を基礎にしながらも，近年急速に発達している宇宙測地学・物理探査・詳細地形データなどを取り入れて多面的に展開される必要がある．
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Geol. Soc. Japan"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地質雑"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"地雑"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Geological Society of Japan"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"一般社団法人 日本地質学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2018-09-15","prism:volume":"124","prism:number":"9","prism:startingPage":"741","prism:endingPage":"757"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/029311525"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I029311525"},{"@id":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/geosoc/124/9/124_2018.0028/_pdf"}],"availableAt":"2018-09-15","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=active%20faults","dc:title":"active faults"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=paleoseismology","dc:title":"paleoseismology"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=seismic%20hazard%20evaluation","dc:title":"seismic hazard 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maps"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=non-characteristic%20earthquakes","dc:title":"non-characteristic earthquakes"}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781895263744","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16H01829"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16H01829"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H01829/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"高解像度地形データを活用した新たな電子活断層図の作成"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Newly designed digital active fault map using high-resolution DEM-based geomorphological data"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040000781897274240","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"16H03114"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP16H03114"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16H03114/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"一まわり小さな地震を考慮した活断層の地震発生予測モデルの構築"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Earthquake occurrence prediction model consideration one 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Significance of Imaging Seismogenic and Active Fault Systems for Earthquake Hazard Mitigation."},{"@value":"地震災害を考える 予測と対策 震源断層‐活断層システムのイメージングの意義と現状"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"シンゲン ダンソウ カツダンソウ システム ノ イメージング ノ イギ ト ゲンジョウ"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001204303262336","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Rupture Process of the April 11, 2011 Fukushima Hamadori Earthquake (Mj 7.0)"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"2011年4月11日福島県浜通りの地震（Mj7.0）の震源過程"},{"@value":"Rupture Process of the April 11, 2011 Fukushima Hamadori Earthquake (Mj 7.0)"},{"@value":"Rupture process of the April 11, 2011 Fukushima Hamadori earthquake (Mj 7.0) —two fault planes inferred from strong motion and relocated aftershocks"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390001205349640576","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"SEISMIC DISPLACEMENT EXTRACTION FROM TWO LiDAR DATASET: 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