We propose the extensively studied Chiba section of the Chiba composite section (CbCS) as the Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) to define the base of the Middle Pleistocene Subseries and Chibanian Stage. The CbCS is a continuous and expanded marine sedimentary succession within the middle of the Kokumoto Formation, Boso Peninsula, Chiba Prefecture. It contains well-preserved pollen, marine micro- and macrofossils, a tightly-defined Matuyama-Brunhes (M-B) paleomagnetic polarity boundary, and numerous tephra beds, allowing the establishment of a robust and precise chronostratigraphic framework across the Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary. Its deep-marine, open-ocean continental slope setting, coupled with high sedimentation rates with no evidence of abrupt deposition, has resulted in preserving both terrestrial and marine environmental changes in and around Marine Isotope Stage 19 (MIS 19). We have performed high-resolution oxygen isotope analysis, as well as detailed sedimentological, geochemical, and biostratigraphic studies of the CbCS, confirming the completeness of the stratigraphic interval spanning the Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary. The M-B polarity boundary serves as the agreed primary guide for the Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary, and the CbCS represents one of the most detailed marine sedimentary records yet obtained for this reversal, yielding an astronomical age of 772.9 ka with a duration of ca. 1.9 kyr. This section therefore offers an exceptional opportunity to calibrate the geological time scale as well as understand the dynamics of the geodynamo. The widespread Byk-E tephra lies close to the reversal, allowing precise regional lithostratigraphic correlation. The CbCS is easy to access from international airports. The section will be permanently preserved and maintained by the local government as a natural monument. Based on these attributes, the base of the Byk-E tephra bed in the Chiba section is the best horizon for establishing the GSSP that will define the Lower-Middle Pleistocene boundary.
"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"千葉セクションを中期更新世の基底とチバニアン階を定義する国際境界模式層断面とポイント（Global Boundary Stratotype Sections and Points：GSSPs）として提案した．千葉セクションは，千葉複合セクションの中心セクションであり，房総半島中央部に分布する下部-中部更新統境界を含む連続的かつ堆積速度の非常に大きな海成泥質堆積物である．同セクションからは，多種の海生化石と花粉化石，Matuyama-Brunhes（M-B）境界，酸素同位体比変動，および多数のテフラが報告されている．とくにM-B境界直下のByk-Eテフラからは772.7±7.2kaのU-Pb年代値が報告されており，これらを基に詳細な年代層序が確立している．千葉セクションはアクセスも良く，露頭の保存も確約されている．以上のことから，千葉セクションは下部-中部更新統GSSPにもっとも適した候補地である．
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