{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390581168898804480.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.18910/94725"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"HDL","@value":"https://hdl.handle.net/11094/94725"}}],"resourceType":"紀要論文(departmental bulletin paper)","dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"A Short History of Compound Words Derived From “Kawaii”"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"「かわいい」の複合語に関する小史"},{"@language":"ja-Kana","@value":"カワイイ　ノ　フクゴウゴ　ニ　カンスル　ショウシ"}],"dc:language":"ja","description":[{"type":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"The Japanese word “kawaii,” which roughly means cute, lovely, and adorable in English, is ubiquitous in Japan. It is used not only as a standalone adjective but also in compound adjectives, which often combine conflicting elements, such as “kimo-kawaii” (creepy-cute) and “dasakawaii” (uncool-cute). In this study, we explored newspaper article databases to investigate when “kawaii”-based compound words first appeared in the literature and how they have evolved. Until the late 1970s, “kawaii” was mainly used to describe vulnerable and innocent beings and things, such as children, animals, and fancy goods. However, in the 1980s, the concept rapidly expanded to encompass even the negative and undesirable aspects of human beings and things. In the late 1990s, compound words such as “kimo-kawaii” and “dasa-kawaii” appeared in newspapers.Since approximately 2005, the variety of compound words has widened to include descriptions of women’s fashion and appearance styles, such as “otona-kawaii” (adult-cute) and “ero-kawaii” (sexy-cute). A survey on the frequency of experiencing the feelings expressed by various types of “kawaii” compound words revealed that the compound words can be organized along two axes, pleasant–unpleasant and external–internal, and divided into three groups—external kawaii, internal kawaii, and kawaii with unpleasant elements."}]}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410581168898804480","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Ihara Namiha"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"井原 なみは"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1420001326229281024","@type":"Researcher","personIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN_RESEARCHERS","@value":"20304371"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"1000020304371"},{"@type":"ORCID","@value":"0000-0001-5671-609X"},{"@type":"CINII_AUTHOR_ID","@value":"DA15078216"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA15078216#entity"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://viaf.org/viaf/NII%7CDA15078216"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001919862"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267784825"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267798474"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414926341"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411241239"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001919867"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411827845"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000020803126"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411251402"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000001742236"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267784956"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000389553766"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411394345"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000415313733"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000414541628"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267773455"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267773457"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000402791352"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000406181277"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000267786476"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000405124758"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000411827689"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000023353831"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000023353839"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000401502137"},{"@type":"NRID","@value":"9000399234103"},{"@type":"RESEARCHMAP","@value":"https://researchmap.jp/hiroshinittono"}],"foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Nittono Hiroshi"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"入戸野 宏"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"13458574"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"13458574"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AA11452371"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科紀要"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"大阪大学大学院人間科学研究科"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2024-03-22","prism:volume":"50","prism:startingPage":"49","prism:endingPage":"67"},"reviewed":"false","dcterms:accessRights":"http://purl.org/coar/access_right/c_abf2","availableAt":"2024-03-22","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=cuteness","dc:title":"cuteness"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=etymology","dc:title":"etymology"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Japanese%20pop%20culture","dc:title":"Japanese pop culture"}],"dcterms:subject":[{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"cuteness"}]},{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"etymology"}]},{"subjectScheme":"Other","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japanese pop culture"}]}],"project":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1040287907230752768","@type":"Project","projectIdentifier":[{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"21H04897"},{"@type":"JGN","@value":"JP21H04897"},{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-21H04897/"}],"notation":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"「かわいい」感情の効用とその実社会応用に関する研究"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Studies on the utility of \"kawaii\" emotion and its real-world applications"}]}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/2071714791834573568","@type":"Article","resourceType":"preprint","relationType":["hasVersion"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"「かわいい」の複合語に関する小史"},{"@language":"en","@value":"A Short History of Compound Words Derived from “Kawaii”"}]}],"dataSourceIdentifier":[{"@type":"JALC","@value":"oai:japanlinkcenter.org:2012718242"},{"@type":"IRDB","@value":"oai:irdb.nii.ac.jp:01056:0006133290"},{"@type":"KAKEN","@value":"PRODUCT-25208413"},{"@type":"JALC","@value":"oai:japanlinkcenter.org:2014693424_isVersionOf_DOI_1uHd6cNuTU7YDJgYnUNUuJ5YCwz"}]}