Institutionalized Mass Labor Migration of Young Workers from Amami Islands: Institutionalization and Experiences of Labor Migration After the Return of Administrative Authority

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Other Title
  • 奄美群島からの集団就職
  • 奄美群島からの集団就職 : 施政権返還後における就職移動の制度化と経験
  • アマミ グントウ カラ ノ シュウダン シュウショク : シセイケン ヘンカン ゴ ニ オケル シュウショク イドウ ノ セイドカ ト ケイケン
  • ――施政権返還後における就職移動の制度化と経験――
Published
2025-05-28
DOI
  • 10.20630/chirikagaku.80.2_58
Publisher
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES

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Description

<p>The labor migration phenomenon of ‘shudan-shushoku', or institutionalized mass labor migration in Japan, which is typically described vaguely, manifests in various forms owing to the geopolitical circumstances and overlapping labor market trends of various actors in each location. By focusing on labor administration systems, such as wide-area job placements and group assignments prepared by the Public Employment Service Office, one can ascertain the times at which shudan-shushoku began and ended in a particular location as well as its forms at those times. Additionally, the intentions of individual job seekers and their living conditions at their place of employment should be investigated.</p><p>The purpose of this study is to clarify these points in institutionalized mass labor migration from the Amami Islands in Kagoshima Prefecture, using local newspaper articles and pamphlets for job seekers as research materials. The administrative authority in the Amami Islands was returned from the U.S. military to the Japanese Government in December 1953, and institutionalized mass labor migration in the area began in 1955. The first assignment from the Amami Islands was to Saitama Prefecture. Ship services were used for group transfers outside the prefecture, and by 1974, 56 groups (flights) were confirmed. Whereas new junior high school graduates encountered various problems while living in remote areas, institutionalized mass labor migration provided optimistic opportunities.</p><p>In the 1950s, job offers from small- and medium-sized companies abound; however, in the 1960s, the number of jobs from large companies increased, and the number of people who were able to lead a correspondingly good life increased as well. Employees of the Oshima Tsumugi manufacturing industry, which is a major local industry, opted for local employment over jobs derived from institutionalized mass labor migration. This study attempts to elucidate the phenomenon of shudan-shushoku at a specific location.</p>

Journal

  • GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES

    GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES 80 (2), 58-82, 2025-05-28

    THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR GEOGRAPHICAL SCIENCES

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