The family planning meaning and practices of women : ethnography of a rural community in Niger

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  • 女性にとっての家族計画の意味と行動 : ニジェールの一農村におけるエスノグラフィー
  • ジョセイ ニ トッテ ノ カゾク ケイカク ノ イミ ト コウドウ : ニジェール ノ イチ ノウソン ニ オケル エスノグラフィー

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This research aims to clarify the meaning and practices of family planning of women in rural Niger.Ethnographic field work was conducted in a Zarma's village in rural Niger and the data were analyzedqualitatively.As a perception of villager, `children are fortune given by God'. `Women become albeeri (great adult)depending on their fertility', also `if women who have only 1or2 children, they are considered sterile'.Therefore women want "to become pregnant up until menopause or until becoming grandmothers". `Tobecome pregnant steadily', it is necessary for women `to maintain fertility' and `to fulfill therecommendation in the Koran'. Also women tend to avoid pregnancy during breast-feeding period becausepeople believe `there is poison in pregnant women's breast-milk'. The meaning of family planning ofwomen in the village is "to become pregnant steadily with breaks". Therefore "women use voluntarily somepractices regarded as effective ways of spacing", like `breast-feeding', `following the Koran', `husband'semigration'. Today the value placed on birth spacing is `promoting the diffusion of modern contraceptivemethods', but limited knowledge about side effects and usage cause problems.Local values recommend the spacing between deliveries and the values could contribute to safemotherhood. Otherwise, it is necessary to improve the quality of family planning service and to answer toproblems concerning modern contraceptive usage for promoting women's health.

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