{"@context":{"@vocab":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/schema/1.0/","rdfs":"http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#","dc":"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/","dcterms":"http://purl.org/dc/terms/","foaf":"http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/","prism":"http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/","cinii":"http://ci.nii.ac.jp/ns/1.0/","datacite":"https://schema.datacite.org/meta/kernel-4/","ndl":"http://ndl.go.jp/dcndl/terms/","jpcoar":"https://github.com/JPCOAR/schema/blob/master/2.0/"},"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1390858674102000640.json","@type":"Article","productIdentifier":[{"identifier":{"@type":"DOI","@value":"10.1293/tox.2022-0089"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"032848161"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/032848161"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I032848161"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tox/36/2/36_2022-0089/_pdf"}},{"identifier":{"@type":"URI","@value":"https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2024211551"}}],"dc:title":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Pathologic characteristics of infectious diseases in macaque monkeys used in          biomedical and toxicologic studies"}],"dc:language":"en","description":[{"type":"abstract","notation":[{"@language":"en","@value":"<p> Nonhuman primates (NHPs), which have many advantages in scientific research and are          often the only relevant animals to use in assessing the safety profiles and biological or          pharmacological effects of drug candidates, including biologics. In scientific or          developmental experiments, the immune systems of animals can be spontaneously compromised          possibly due to background infection, experimental procedure-associated stress, poor          physical condition, or intended or unintended mechanisms of action of test articles. Under          these circumstances, background, incidental, or opportunistic infections can seriously can          significantly complicate the interpretation of research results and findings and          consequently affect experimental conclusions. Pathologists and toxicologists must          understand the clinical manifestations and pathologic features of infectious diseases and          the effects of these diseases on animal physiology and experimental results in addition to          the spectrum of infectious diseases in healthy NHP colonies. This review provides an          overview of the clinical and pathologic characteristics of common viral, bacterial,          fungal, and parasitic infectious diseases in NHPs, especially macaque monkeys, as well as          methods for definitive diagnosis of these diseases. Opportunistic infections that can          occur in the laboratory setting have also been addressed in this review with examples of          cases of infection disease manifestation that was observed or influenced during safety          assessment studies or under experimental conditions.</p>"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410858674102000640","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Ohta Etsuko"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Global Drug Safety, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai,              Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"09149198"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"1881915X"},{"@type":"NDL_BIB_ID","@value":"000000065548"},{"@type":"ISSN","@value":"09149198"},{"@type":"LISSN","@value":"09149198"},{"@type":"NCID","@value":"AN10232280"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Journal of Toxicologic Pathology"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｔｏｘｉｃｏｌｏｇｉｃ　Ｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｙ"},{"@language":"en","@value":"J Toxicol Pathol"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"Ｊｏｕｒｎａｌ　ｏｆ　Ｔｏｘｉｃｏｌｏｇｉｃ　Ｐａｔｈｏｌｏｇｙ"}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"JAPANESE SOCIETY OF TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"日本毒性病理学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2023","prism:volume":"36","prism:number":"2","prism:startingPage":"95","prism:endingPage":"122"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"http://id.ndl.go.jp/bib/032848161"},{"@id":"https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I032848161"},{"@id":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/tox/36/2/36_2022-0089/_pdf"},{"@id":"https://search.jamas.or.jp/link/ui/2024211551"}],"availableAt":"2023","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=primary%20infections","dc:title":"primary infections"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=opportunistic%20infections","dc:title":"opportunistic infections"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=primate","dc:title":"primate"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=Macaca","dc:title":"Macaca"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=toxicologic%20pathology","dc:title":"toxicologic pathology"}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004235988639616","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Simian Retrovirus 4 Induces Lethal Acute Thrombocytopenia in Japanese Macaques"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360004239632542976","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"<i>Helicobacter heilmannii</i>sensu stricto-related gastric ulcers: A case report"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360011143647575424","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"<i>R</i>\n                    <i>hodococcus equi</i>\n                    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