Tungusic Morphology in Old Japanese through the Lens of Borrowing Hierarchies

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The Tungusic language family consists of approximately a dozen endangered languages that are spoken in Siberia and northern China. Old Japanese and the Tungusic languages share a body of nominal and verbal morphology. In the current paper, the hypothesis that this shared morphology is the result of linguistic contact between Tungusic and Japanese, or borrowing from Tungusic into Japanese, is discussed and substantiated. To corroborate the linguistic contact hypothesis, fifteen etymologies are examined against the yardstick of Yaron Matras’s (2007: 37-62; 2009: 218; 2011: 208-224) borrowing hierarchies, which are scales of borrowability. It can be observed that most shared morphological elements score relatively high in eight relevant borrowing hierarchies. Consequently, it is conceivable that these shared morphological elements can be attributed to linguistic contact (linguistic convergence).

収録刊行物

  • 言語文化論究

    言語文化論究 52 17-35, 2024-03-15

    九州大学大学院言語文化研究院

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