The Haber–Bosch process to synthesize ammonia from dinitrogen and dihydrogen under harsh conditions has been one of the fundamentals to the modern chemical industry for over a century, where most of dihydrogen is provided by reforming fossil fuels. On the other hand, diazotrophs have fixed dinitrogen as ammonium derivatives under ambient conditions for billions of years. For the last two decades, a series of well-defined molecular complexes have been developed to catalyze the conversion of dinitrogen into ammonia or hydrazine on treatment with chemical reductants and proton sources under ambient or mild conditions, where the highest catalytic activity has been achieved by introducing direct splitting of dinitrogen and proton-coupled electron transfer systems into catalyses. Ammonia has been also shown to be obtained via direct electrocatalytic or photocatalytic reduction of dinitrogen, providing new synthetic methods for green ammonia synthesis. Selective reduction of dinitrogen into hydrazine has been recently reported by using well-defined molecular complexes as catalysts, whereas catalytic Si–N, C–N, and B–N bond forming reactions have been also achieved to afford nitrogen-containing compounds.
"}],"abstractLicenseFlag":"disallow"}],"creator":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410870696562994048","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"田辺 資明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Tanabe Yoshiaki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"東京大学大学院工学系研究科応用化学専攻"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1410870696562994049","@type":"Researcher","foaf:name":[{"@language":"ja","@value":"西林 資明"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Nishibayashi Yoshiaki"}],"jpcoar:affiliationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"東京大学大学院工学系研究科応用化学専攻"}]}],"publication":{"publicationIdentifier":[{"@type":"PISSN","@value":"18826954"},{"@type":"EISSN","@value":"18831737"}],"prism:publicationName":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Bulletin of Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry"},{"@language":"en","@value":"Bull. Jpn. Soc. Coord. Chem."}],"dc:publisher":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Japan Society of Coordination Chemistry"},{"@language":"ja","@value":"錯体化学会"}],"prism:publicationDate":"2026-02-24","prism:volume":"86","prism:number":"0","prism:startingPage":"15","prism:endingPage":"26"},"reviewed":"false","url":[{"@id":"https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/bjscc/86/0/86_15/_pdf"}],"availableAt":"2026-02-24","foaf:topic":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=ammonia","dc:title":"ammonia"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=borylamine","dc:title":"borylamine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=cyanate","dc:title":"cyanate"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=electrocatalysis","dc:title":"electrocatalysis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=homogeneous%20catalysis","dc:title":"homogeneous catalysis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=hydrazine","dc:title":"hydrazine"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=nitrogen%20fixation","dc:title":"nitrogen fixation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=nitrogen%20incorporation","dc:title":"nitrogen incorporation"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=photocatalysis","dc:title":"photocatalysis"},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/all?q=silylamine","dc:title":"silylamine"}],"relatedProduct":[{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050013244133092480","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Nitrogen reduction by the Fe sites of synthetic [Mo₃S₄Fe] cubes"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1050024953985182464","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@language":"en","@value":"Anion vacancies activate N2 to ammonia on Ba–Si orthosilicate oxynitride-hydride"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216659926400","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Catalytic Reduction of Dinitrogen to Ammonia by Use of Molybdenum–Nitride Complexes Bearing a Tridentate Triphosphine as Catalysts"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216802383488","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Catalytic transformation of dinitrogen into ammonia and hydrazine by iron-dinitrogen complexes bearing pincer ligand"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002216802905344","@type":"Article","resourceType":"学術雑誌論文(journal article)","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Remarkable catalytic activity of dinitrogen-bridged dimolybdenum complexes bearing NHC-based PCP-pincer ligands toward nitrogen fixation"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002219104977408","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"Nitrogen Fixation: Synthesis of Heterocycles Using Molecular Nitrogen as a Nitrogen Source"}]},{"@id":"https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1360002219106690944","@type":"Article","relationType":["references"],"jpcoar:relatedTitle":[{"@value":"PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF MOLYBDENUM AND TUNGSTEN DINITROGEN COMPLEXES 9. 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