The factors of open gingival embrasure space between central incisors after orthodontic treatment in adult patients

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  • KOZAI,Yoko
    Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University
  • TAMAKI,Yoh
    National Institute of Public Health
  • NOMURA,Yoshiaki
    Department of Translational Research, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University
  • KAIDA,Kiyokazu
    Department of Orthodontics, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University

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  • 成人矯正治療患者の中切歯における鼓形空隙拡大の発生要因について

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Open gingival embrasure spaces after orthodontic treatment are called black triangles (BT), and adult patients often complain about them for esthetic reasons, especially BT between central incisors. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors of BT between central incisors in the maxilla and mandible by multiple logistic regression analysis. The materials were intraoral photographs, dental models and lateral cephalometric radiographs before and after orthodontic treatment in 70 adult patients. The parameters were age of pretreatment, overjet, overbite, central incisor overlap, direction of tooth movement, degree of tooth movement, crown shape of central incisor, sex, and extraction of teeth; relationships between these parameters and BT were examined. Multivariate analysis showed the prevalence of BT between maxillary central incisors after orthodontic treatment was high with increasing age of pretreatment, more overlapped incisor, and teeth of longer length, whereas the prevalence of BT between mandibular central incisors was high with smaller overbite, and teeth of more divergent crown form. This investigation indicates that it is important to consider these factors when starting treatment in adult orthodontic patients.

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