One-step and Non-catalytic Intramolecular Redox Reactions of Conjugated All E-Dienals to Non-conjugated Z-Enoic Acids in Subcritical Water

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Simple treatment of conjugated all E-dienal, (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienal, in subcritical water afforded an intramolecular redox product, non-conjugated Z-enoic acid, (Z)-hex-3-enoic acid, in 42% yield without the usage of a metal catalyst in one-step under the conditions of 250 ℃, 10 min, and 0.35 g mL^<-1> water amount. Similar treatment of the dienal in superheated benzyl alcohol produced corresponding ester, benzyl (Z)-hex-3-enoate, in 34% yield under the conditions of 300 °C, 30 min, and 0.5 g mL^<-1> benzyl alcohol amount. The obtained (Z)-hex-3-enoic acid was transformed to cis-β-hydroxy-γ-ethyl-γ-lactone in 90% yield by hydrogen peroxide at 60 °C for one day under solvent-free conditions.

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