日光市で発見されたニホンザリガニ個体群の由来、および大正時代に北海道から本州に持込まれた個体に関する宮内庁公文書等に基づく情報

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  • Origin of the freshwater Japanese crayfish Cambaroides japonicus in Nikko, Honshu, Japan and information on crayfish transported from Hokkaido based on archives from the Imperial Household Agency
  • ニッコウシ デ ハッケンサレタ ニホンザリガニ コタイグン ノ ユライ オヨビ タイショウ ジダイ ニ ホッカイドウ カラ ホンシュウ ニ モチコマレタ コタイ ニ カンスル クナイチョウ コウブンショトウ ニ モトズク ジョウホウ

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The known distributional range of the Japanese crayfish, Cambaroides japonicus（ De Haan, 1841（）Crustacea, Decapoda, Cambaridae） is restricted to north part of Japan including Hokkaido, Aomori and northern parts of Akita and Iwate Prefectures. Recently a new population of this species was discovered from natural habitat in Tamozawa, Nikko, Tochigi Prefecture, Centaral Honshu, Japan. Present study examined origin of the Nikko population based on the composition of symbiotic crayfish worms（ Annelida, Clitellata, Branchiobdellida） as well as the crayfish morphologies （rostrum, telson and annulus ventralis）. Three species of crayfish worms, Cirrdrilus cirratus Pierantni, 1905, C. inukaii （Yamaguchi, 1934）, and C. ezensis（ Yamaguchi, 1934） were detected from the Nikko crayfishes, all of which are known to endemic to Hokkaido. Morphological characteristics in the crayfishe corresponded to those in Hokkaido population. 　　Some documents and old archives （ca. 1900） in the Archivs and Mausolea Department, Imperial Household Agency, Japan suggest that many individuals of C. japonicus had been transported to the Nikko Tamozawa Imperial Villa from Hokkaido, and they were used as foods for the royal family. A map in an old archive indicates that there was an aquarium near the kitchen of the Imperial Villa. Consequently, it is highly probable that the present Nikko population of C. japonicus is derived from introduced individuals for foods from Hokkaido.

弘前大学教育学部紀要. 101, 2009, p.31-40

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