日本語助詞「は」と遊離数量詞の関係

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Other Title
  • The Relations of the Japanese Particle “Wa” to Floating Quantifiers

Abstract

遊離数量詞の統語的振る舞いについて、日本語助詞の「が」を含む最大投射範疇PPの認可に対しては、石井(2007)の照合理論の枠組みで、ある程度の説明が可能であるが、「は」を含むPPに対しては、原理的説明が難しい。例えば、「男が3人入ってきた」が文法的なのに対し、「男は3人入ってきた」が少し不自然であることが説明しにくい。そこで、本稿では遊離数量詞の基底生成位置と、その遊離数量詞の付加部移動やPP内移動の仕組みを提案し、この問題の解決を試みた。その結果、「は」句の統語的振る舞いのみならず、「を」句前置構文で、遊離数量詞が、その先行詞から別の句を跨いで離れた文の文法性をも正しく予想されることが分かった。　（英文）As for the syntactic behavior of floating quantifiers, a satisfying explanation may be given to some extent to the licensing of the maximal projection PP containing the Japanese particle “Ga” by the Checking theory under the framework of Ishii (2007); however, it is hard to give a principled explanation to the licensing of a PP containing “Wa.” For instance, it is difficult to explain why the sentence “Otoko-wa 3-nin haittekita” is a bit strange in contrast with the fact of another sentence “Otoko-ga 3-nin haittekita” being grammatical. To solve the problem at issue, in this paper, we clarified positions for the base generation of floating quantifiers and proposed the mechanism of adjunct movements and PP-internal movements. As a result, we have found that under the proposed theory, we can correctly predict the grammaticality of a sentence with another phrase between a floating quantifier and its antecedent in “Wo” -phrase preposing , not to mention the licensing of the syntactic behavior of “Wo” phrases.

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