[Reviews] Free radicals, antioxidants and cancer chemotherapy

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[Abstract] Free radicals play a dual role as both beneficial and deleterious species, since they can be either helpful or harmful to the organism. They are products from normal cellular metabolism, or from external sources like pollution, medication, and radiation. The accumulation of excessive amount of free radicals in the body generates redox imbalance, a phenomenon referred to as oxidative stress. This deleterious process is involved in development of chronic and degenerative diseases such as cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative illnesses. In order to check the activities of free radicals in vivo, antioxidant systems have evolved, either naturally generated (endogenous antioxidants), or externally supplied through foods (exogenous antioxidants). This review deals with free radicals and their beneficial and deleterious effect on cellular activities, role of antioxidants (glutathione) in the maintenance of cellular redox homeostasis ; atention is focused on free radical-linked pathogenesis of cancer, and a discussion is also devoted to antioxidant supplementation in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

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