A Study on the Origin of Dynamism in Islamic Law: The Process of Formation of Madhhab

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  • イスラーム法学のダイナミズムの根源に関する一考察―法学派の形成過程を中心として―
  • イスラーム ホウガク ノ ダイナミズム ノ コンゲン ニ カンスル イチ コウサツ : ホウガクハ ノ ケイセイ カテイ オ チュウシン ト シテ

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The paper considers the origin of dynamism in Islamic Law by examining the formation process of madhhabs (of legal schools) with a special reference to Wael B. Hallaq's Authority, Continuity, and Change in Islamic Law (2001). This text examines the doctrines and practices of madhhabs within the historical context, and shows how madhhab functioned effectively in the Islamic world before the Shariá (Islamic law) system was integrated into the modern nationstate system. The paper explains the role and the qualifications of the muftī (jurisconsult) and the musannif (authorjurist) to better illustrate the structural diversity of madhhab, focusing on the legal practices such as ijtihād, takhrīj, tarjīh, and tasnīf. In Hallaq's study, the plurality and diversity of madhhabs is considered as an important factor for both continuity and change in Islamic law, and its epistemological aspects are primarily explained. This paper further explains the ontological aspects of madhhab from the Islamic worldview, tawhīd, Showing that the dynamism in Islamic law that stems from the diversity is an exact reflection of existential relationships based on tawhhīd.

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