和製漢語「反撥（反発）」の成立と中国語への受容

陳, 贇

The word "fanbo (反撥)," a translation of the physics term "repel" or "repulsion" in English, entered the Chinese language from the Japanese word "hanpatsu," which originated in the early part of the Meiji Period. In Japan, however, "sekiryoku" was the term most often used in physics rather than "hanpatsu," and the latter term seldom appeared in the Chinese language as well. The verb form of "hanpatsu," "hanpatsu suru" ("to repel"), became prevalent in Japan as a combination of the transitive and intransitive Japanese verbs "hane-kaesu" and "hane-kaeru" ("to bounce [something] back" or "to rebound"). The verb form of "hanpatsu," however, was strongly associated with being a transitive verb and thus was seldom used in Chinese. After about the 1940s, however, "fanbo" was borrowed from the Japanese for use in Chinese. "Fanbo" gained prevalence as it was used primarily in contexts of an active or positive sense, despite considerable discrepancies between such uses and the meaning of "bo" (which means to "move," "push aside," or "turn around"), and the term is widely used today. Through an account of the etymology of a specific word, i.e. "fanbo," this paper discusses factors involved in a Chinese word originating from Japanese being accepted in the Chinese language. This paper also discusses differences in Japanese and Chinese word structuring for words depicted with kanji (Chinese characters).

和製漢語「反撥（反発）」の成立と中国語への受容

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