イラン・イスラーム革命以前の湾岸アラブ諸国へのイラン人労働力移動

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  • イラン ・ イスラーム カクメイ イゼン ノ ワンガン アラブ ショコク エ ノ イランジン ロウドウリョク イドウ
  • Iranian Labour Migration Patterns in the GCC States before Islamic Revolution

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There are two broad strands of research on international labour movements in the Middle East: a migration from the Middle East to advanced Western countries and a migration within the Middle East. Yet, relatively little is known about Iranian labour migration within the Middle East. This paper discusses Iranian international labour movements in the Middle East before the Iranian Revolution of 1979. We first highlight the history of Iranian migration to the Gulf. While Iranians have migrated to the Persian Gulf region over hundreds of years, there were many illegal Iranian immigrants and deportees in Kuwait and Bahrain during 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, it is clear that the results of the population censuses were underestimated and more Iranians had worked in these countries at that time. During 1970s, recruitment in India and Pakistan expanded, by the 1980s South Asia came to play a predominant role in providing workforce to the Gulf and the labour supply from the Indian Subcontinent also had been well organized and regulated. But, the labour migration from Iran had maintained a informal labour supply system, i.e. illegal entry system, so it was difficult to increase the labour supply to the Gulf. Finally, According to employment statistics of Kuwait, Iranian migrants in Kuwait is predominantly male and sectoral distribution patterns indicate that few Iranians had worked as professionals, skilled workers and engineers in comparison with Arabs and South Asians. The case of Kuwait shares much with the other petroleum-rich states of the Gulf.

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