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The present study was designed to compare the psychological and physiological changes between the roller coaster simulator and actual machine. This simulator was manufactured to reproduce the environment of an actual roller coaster as closely as possible, and provided for the use of panorama pictures taken by 3 video cameras, sounds by speaker and body sonic, the generation of air current and disturbances from 4 directions. The subjects were 10 healthy males aged 19-47 years, and they were asked to measure some psychological(POMS:Profile of Mood States, MCL:Mood Check List, STAI:State-Trait Anxiety Inventory)and physiological indices(HR:Heart Rate, NA:Noradrenalin, A:Adrenalin). Only one subject, a male aged 25 years, had blood drawn for analysis by HPLC(High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). The degree of pleasure measured by the MCL was increased after experiencing both the simulator and riding on the actual machine. HR and the concentration of plasma NA and A measured after riding on the actual machine was greater than that after the simulator. These results suggest that on the simulator such simulated factor as vertical reality increase the degree of pleasure without any physiological shanges. The degree of relaxation was decreased significantly and the plasma NA and A concentrations increased after boarding on the actual machine. HR at both top and screw phases on the actual machine, was increased significantly in comparison with HR right after boarding the machine. These results suggest that both psychological and physiological stimulation provided by the actual machine is greater than that provided by the simulator. There were no correlation between changes in phychological and physiological indices when measured on the simulator and the actual roller coasters. These results suggest that the way that each subject reacts differs according to psychological and physiological changes,and it is thought that the individual differences result from such factors as sports experience, sex, personality, individual preference and experience on roller coasters. The degree of pleasure and HR were also decreased, and the degree of relaxation increased with the number of time the subject rode on an actual roller coasters. These results suggest that the degree of mental tension caused by the first trial is much higher than that after the socond trial and it is concidered that these phenomena are the result of becoming accustomed to riding on a roller coaster.