Hydrologic cycle model for mountain watersheds and its application to the continuous 10 years records at intervals of both a day and an hour of Kiryu Watershed, Shiga Prefecture

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  • 山地流域を対象とした水循環モデルの提示と桐生流域の10年連続日・時間記録への適用
  • サンチ リュウイキ オ タイショウ ト シタ ミズ ジュンカン モデル ノ

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Abstract

The hydrologic cycle model (HYCYMODEL) is presented for evaluating effects of forest on hydrologic cycle and water budget generally and quantitatively. A watershed is divided into a channel system and a forested hillslope system in the HYCYMODEL. A storm flow and evaporation occur on channels, and evaporation occurs on canopy. Transpiration, storm flow and base flow occur on forested slopes. The hydrograph of stream flow can be calculated from rainfall records with only nine parameters in the HYCYMODEL. The parameters relating to canopy interception, monthly transpiration rate, critical stream flow for constrain of transpiration, are decided previously by another methods. The HYCYMODEL is applied to continuous 10 years records of the Kiryu Watershed at intervals of both a day and an hour. This watershed is located in the south of Shiga Prefecture and has 5. 99 ha in basin area, and is underlain by weathered granite and covered with Chamaecyparis obtusa and Pinus desiflora. Calculated hydrographs are in good agreement with observed values. The annual amounts of each component which consist of the elements of water budget were estimated. Stream flow Q and evaporation E are 56.5% and 44.3% of precipitation in the Kiryu Watershed, respectively. Stream flow from channel Qc*, stream flow from forested slopes Qh*, and the base flow Qb* are 6.2%, 31.3% and 62.5% of Q, respectively. Evaporation from channel Ec, transpiration Et* and evaporation from intercepted water Ei* and 3.9%, 51.9% and 44.2% of E, respectively.

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