本論文は農村金融の大宗をなす農協金融と政策金融における最近17年間の変化の特徴を中心に分析したものである。農協金融は,貯貸率を高めることが課題であるので,その解決に向けて員外貸付に着目した分析を試みる。その結果,貯貸率を高めるために員外貸付の有効性が明示される。一方,政策金融は生産力を高められるような意欲的な担い手をみいだし,積極的に資金を貸付けることが課題であるので,農業経営改善関係資金制度に着目した分析を試みる。その結果,この制度は,中心をなすスーパーL資金についてみれば,認定農業者を対象とし,貸付限度額引上等の貸付条件の変更によって長期・低利資金需要の高い借り手のニーズに対応していることが解明される。農協金融における地域に開かれた進展の一方で,政策金融において認定農業者を対象としたスーパーL資金貸付の拡大が展望される。

Rural finance is mainly constructed by finance of agricultural cooperative and government programmed agricultural loans. This paper focuses on some changeable characteristics of these finances in the past 17 years, 1995～2011. A problem with the finance of agricultural cooperative is the low ratio of loans to savings ; 26.4～31.2%. Agricultural cooperatives are increasing the amount of non-agricultural business loans, municipality loans to non-members, and also home loans. The ratio of loans to savings and amounts of loans for non-members show similarly changing shape ; correlation coefficient r=0.83, n=16. In conclusion, the promotion of lending to non-members is effective in raising the ratio of loans to savings. On the side of the government programmed agricultural loans, one problem was the decrease of lending amount from 1977 to 2006. The central government established a new loans system ; Farm Management Improvement Loans System, in 2002. The new system increases the amount of super L loans and agricultural improvement loans by a longer repayment period, lower interest rate and expansion of the upper limit frame of amounts of loans. The amount of agricultural modernization loan is decreasing. This loan is needed for greater expansion of the upper limit frame of amounts of loans. In conclusion, these targeted loans for the bigger farmers are effective for expanding agricultural loans. Perspectives of rural finance are as follows ; (1) Finance of agricultural cooperative will possibly raise the ratio of loans to savings by more lending to non-members and more housing loans. (2) Government programed loans are able to shown a perspective on expanding agricultural loans by use of the farm management improvement loans system to the bigger farmers.

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