韓国における産業発展と知識社会の形成

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  • カンコク ニ オケル サンギョウ ハッテン ト チシキ シャカイ ノ ケイセイ

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In the Republic of Korea, knowledge industries are growing in the postindustrial stage following the turn of the century. South Korean society experienced exort-led industrialization after the 1960s, and its heavy industries were fully developed in the late 1980s. The rule of the military government ended during the same period. The living standard of the working class continued to rise and infrastructures were further developed in the 1990s. The Asian Currency Crisis in 1997 triggered structural reform of the banking systems and family-owned corporate groups.

After the 1990s, Korean car makers and electronic appliance manufacturers gained competitiveness worldwide, and foreign direct investment and overseas production by Korean manufacturers expanded, especially in China. During this period, Korea suffered from a shortage of unskilled workers within the nation and began to accept international migrant workers from abroad. Its fertility rate began to decline in the 2000s. For the present, further growth of South Korean mass-production industries can be expected. While they expand overseas production on the one hand, industries and the government cooperate to develop the growth of the knowledge indurtries on the other. Korean companies engaged in the construction and operation of nuclear power plants compete with those from abroad, and Korean public corporations are actively selling their rapid passenger train systems overseas. The competition and allaiance between Korean and Japanese enterprises has drawn attention in the area of knowledge industries.

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