Alcoholics Anonymousの回復プログラムの再考 : ベイトソンのサイバネティックス的理解を用いて

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タイトル別名
  • Alcoholics Anonymous ノ カイフク プログラム ノ サイコウ : ベイトソン ノ サイバネティックステキ リカイ オ モチイテ
  • Alcoholics Anonymous no kaifuku puroguramu no saiko : Beitoson no saibanetikkusuteki rikai o mochiite
  • The reconsideration of the recovery programs of alcoholics anonymous: using Bateson's idea of cybernetics understanding

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Alcoholics Anonymous, the self-help group of the alcoholism that was born in the United States of America in 1935, has set a new trend for the recovery of the dependency and produced pioneering results in the world of the dependency. Bateson was known to understand the AA and alcoholism from the viewpoint of cybernetics. Insisting that what drives alcoholics to drinking is the false epistemology about alcohol such as putting too much confidence in the self-control (symmetric pattern), Bateson points out that the AA was successful in facilitating the shift from false to new epistemology that alcoholic is powerless over alcohol. However, even if the epistemological shift helps prevent a symmetric pattern, this does not necessarily guarantee that the shift actually takes place. Then, the AA is assumed to have a balanced, practical adjustment function that controls the symmetric tendency of the AA members. In this paper, I shall adopt a viewpoint of the cybernetics and analyze the AA meetings and 12 steps that are both crucial to the AA program, trying to show that the AA meeting actually controls a symmetric pattern of the alcoholic with the "only talk and only hearing" rule. Then I shall conclude that the 12 steps prevent not only the symmetric pattern but also complementary pattern by not ranking AA members. In summary, the AA programs avoid competitive mutual relations using symmetric and complementary patterns, thus preventing schismogenesis of AA group.

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