ホジェン語の動詞屈折形式とその統語機能

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書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Hezhen Verbal Inflectional Forms and Their Syntactic Functions
  • ホジェンゴ ノ ドウシ クッセツ ケイシキ ト ソノ トウゴ キノウ

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説明

The inflectional forms of the Hezhen language, like those in other Tungusic languages, can be classified into three types: finite verbs, adjectival participles (henceforth simply participles), and converbs. For finite verbs, the indicative mood appears solely in the predicate of a principal clause. These verbs only have a third-person nonpast tense; other persons, numbers, and tenses are indicated entirely by the participle’s predicate function. The participle possesses three functions: as the predicate of a principal, adnominal, or nominal clause—most commonly the first. Converbs function as predicates of adverbial clauses. In general they cannot be placed at the end of a sentence, and sentences cannot be formed without a principal clause. However, -ki —a personal , conditional converb—can be used at the end of a sentence only when connected to a second person singular suffix and when it completes the sentence . This form expresses a command to the second-person singular and has strong modal significance. In this way, the functions of the conditional converb -ki resemble those of finite verbs in some ways.

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