偶発記憶に及ぼす社会的精緻化の効果

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  • グウハツ キオク ニ オヨボス シャカイテキセイチカ ノ コウカ
  • Effects of Social Elaboration on Intentional Memory

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Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of social elaboration with that of semantic elaboraiton on incidental memory. Social elaboration was defined as a new type of elaboration, namely adding information about a particular person to each target. In Experiment 1, each target, Kanji word, was presented once in each orienting list. In the social elaboration condition, each target word and a name of famous person that was congrous or incongruous to its target, were presented. In semantic elaboration condition each target word and a word (semantic associate or nonassociate of its target). Participants were asked to rate the degree of the congruity between each target and its paired item (a name of famous person or a word), followed by an incidental free recall test. All the participants were asked to recall as many word pairs as possible. The results of Experiments 1 showed that the social elaboration led to a better recall than the semantic elaboration. In Experiment 2, the same procedure was used as Experiment 1 except that each target was presented twice in massed or spaced presentation. The results of Experiment 2 indicated that social elaboration led to better recall than semantic elaboration, and that the size of the spacing effects was similar in both social elaboration and semantic elaboration. These results were interpreted as showing that the information about a particular person was distinctive and effective for recall a target elaborated by it.

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