看護系大学と自治体との連携による災害支援組織の発展過程 : 新潟県大学災害支援連携協議会活動のエコマップを用いた分析

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  • カンゴケイ ダイガク ト ジチタイ ト ノ レンケイ ニ ヨル サイガイ シエン ソシキ ノ ハッテン カテイ : ニイガタケン ダイガク サイガイ シエン レンケイ キョウギカイ カツドウ ノ エコマップ オ モチイタ ブンセキ
  • Developmental process of a disaster aid organization based on cooperation among nursing universities and autonomous communities : Analysis of the activities by University of Niigata Prefecture Disaster Aid Cooperation Council using ecomaps

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過去に被災県として経験した災害看護を基盤に，2009年2月に防災及び災害支援の一環として自治体と新潟県内の5看護系大学等教育機関の7構成員で組織する新潟県大学災害支援連携協議会が発足した．本研究は，協議会発足後どのように連携・組織化が発展したかを明らかにするために，7構成員がそれぞれ発足時の2009年2月と，2012年7月当時のエコマップを画き，変化を分析した．結果，発足当時は全構成員の連携数が合計51，3年5か月後には80と増加した．連携先の変化としては，大学内の他部署との連携，大学同士の連携，大学と自治体との連携がみられた．さらに災害医療コーディネートチームやNPO，そして有志等個人と，専門性の高い組織から個人の参加まで幅広く組織化し，協議会自体が拡大した．連携と組織化が進んだ要因は，防災という目的が明確であったことと，東日本大震災による近隣県の被災者を救護した際の協働活動が組織化を推進したと考察した．

On the basis of the experiences of Niigata Prefecture in disaster nursing in past disaster situations, the University of Niigata Prefecture Disaster Aid Cooperation Council was constituted in February 2009 as part of a system for disaster prevention and disaster support, consisting of autonomous communities and educational facilities, including nursing universities. In the present study, 7 members of the council drew their ecomaps in February 2009 and July 2012, and the differences were analyzed, in order to clarify how the council developed cooperation and achieved systemization after it was constituted. The results showed that the number of cooperative relationships for all of the members increased from 51 in total at the time of constitution of the council to 80 after 3 years and 5 months. The changes in the systemization of the members showed the development of cooperation between different departments within a nursing university, among universities, and between universities and autonomous communities. It was also found that a wide variety of members from highly specialized agencies to individuals, such as disaster medical coordination teams, NPOs and volunteers participated and achieved systemization in the council, leading to expansion of the whole organization. Such development in cooperation and systemization was considered to be due to the establishment of substantive mutual exchanges among nursing universities and autonomous communities, as well as due to push forward the organization by its collaborative works in disaster relief for victims of the Great East Japan Earthquake also in neighboring prefectures.

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