鉢栽培における培養土と施肥に関する研究(第1報) : カルセオラリア栽培における肥料成分の動向

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異なった混合培養土と肥料形態によるカルセオラリアの生育と, 肥料成分の動向を明らかにするために本実験を行なった.チッ素は速効性肥料区において, 実験開始後85日目まで直線的に溶脱量が増加するが, その後著しく減少した.溶脱チッ素量は, 砂基土区, 田土基土区, 赤土基土区の順序で減少した.緩効性肥料区においてチッ素の溶脱のしかたは遅く, 実験開始後51日目まででは対応する速効性肥料区の45〜72%が溶脱しただけだったが, その後急激な溶脱が起こりピートモス添加区が著しかった.溶脱したリン酸の量は非常に少なく, 赤土基土区で施肥量の約0.5%, 田土基土区で約3%, 砂基土区で約36〜51%が溶脱したにすぎなかった.カリはかん水によって顕著な溶脱をみたがチッ素にくらべてゆるやかであった.溶脱のしかたはチッ素と類似していた.カルセオラリアの生体重および開花数は, 田土・腐葉・緩効性肥料区が最もすぐれていた.カルセオラリアの生体重(地上部)と鉢内からの溶脱チッ素量との間にはきわめて高い負の相関がみられた.またカリは田土および砂基土区において, 植物の生体重ときわめて高い負の相関が認められた.しかしリン酸との関連は, はっきりしなかった.本実験を行なうにあたり, 種々の御便宜と助言を与えられた本学部渡辺重吉郎氏, ならびに分析の一部に協力を得た住吉雅巳氏に感謝の意を表します.

Studies on Composts and Fertilization in Pot-Plant Cultivation. (I). Movement of Fertilized Nutrients in the Growing of Calceolaria herbeohybrida Voss. Yukio SATO, Noritsugu SHIMADA, Kozo KATAOKA and Michiya KOJIMA. Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo, Japan. Tech. Bull. Fac. Hort. Chiba Univ., No.21: 51-64, 1973. This study was conducted to elucidate the relationship between nutrient movement and the growth of calceolaria grown in different potting composts and fertilizer forms. When the quickly available fertilizer was applied to the composts, the accumulative amount of leached nitrogen from the pots by irrigation increased linierly during 85 days from the begining of this experiment, showing no further remarkable increases. Total amount of leached nitrogen was the highest in sandy compost, followed by paddy loam soil compost, volcanic ash soil compost, in order of decreasing amount. In the case of slowly available fertilizer, nitrogen leached very slowly, leaching only 45-72 per cent of quickly available fertilizer during 51 days from the begining, but subsequent leaching of nitrogen increased extremely, especially from the composts added peat-moss. Total amount of leached phosphorus was no remarkable, being only 0.5 per cent from volcanic ash soil compost, 3 per cent from paddy loam soil compost and 36-51 per cent from sandy compost against applied phosphorus respectively. Potassium was leached remarkably by irrigation, on the contrary, showing lower gradient than nitrogen. Leaching pattern of both potassium and nitrogen was very similarly. The highest fresh weight and flower number was obtained in calceolaria grown with the compost which composed by paddy loam soil, leaf mold and slowly available fertilizer. It was observed that fresh weight of the plant top had considerably highly negative correlation for both nitrogen and potassium leached from the composts when used paddy loam soil or sand, but not so significant for the leached phosphorus.

source:The technical bulletin of Faculty of Horticulture, Chiba University