サイコサポニンの作用に関する研究

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  • サイコ サポニン ノ サヨウ ニカンスルケンキュウ
  • Studies on the Actions of Saikosaponin
  • 原著

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saikosaponinは久保田らによりBupleurum falcatum L.から抽出,構造決定された数種のsaponin成分である。今回saikosaponinの抗炎症作用,蛋白,糖質,脂質代謝作用につきSprague-Dawley系ラットで検討を加えた。その結果,抗炎症作用ではcotton pellet法で著明な抗肉芽作用を示し,granuloma pouch法では軽度の抗滲出作用を示した。蛋白代謝では[^<14>C]ロイシンからの蛋白生合成の亢進を,糖質代謝ではグルコース腹腔内投与後の肝グリコーゲンの増量を示した。脂質代謝では高コレステロール食摂取後の血清コレステロール,中性脂肪,リン脂質値の上昇阻止を示し,さらに腹腔内注射した[4-^<14>C]コレステロールの血中消失速度の促進と糞便中への排泄増加を示した。また,肝では[^<14>C]酢酸からの総脂質,コレステロール生合成の亢進も認められた。なおsaikosaponin投与により副腎重量の減少や溶血作用は認められなかった。以上の検討に用いたsaikosaponinのうち活性を示したものはsaikosaponin aおよびdであり,その活性部分はaglyconであることを明らかにした。

Saikosaponin, which was isolated from Bupleurum falcatum L. and whose structure was determined by Kubota et al, showed the antiinflammatory actions in the experiments. Strong anti-granulomatous actions were observed by cotton pellet method and weak anti-exudative actions were obtained by granuloma pouch method. Saikosaponin also showed some metabolic actions. Protein synthesis as judged by [U-^<14>C] leucine incorporation in liver slices and glycogen contents in the liver were increased by the drugs, while oxidation of [U-^<14>C] glucose in the liver was not changed. Elevation of plasma levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and phospholipids by cholesterol feeding was reduced. The elimination of intraperitoneally injected [4-^<14>C] cholesterol from plasma was accelerated and fecal excretion of total ^<14>C including [^<14>C] bile acids and [^<14>C] neutral sterols was increased. Hepatic lipogenesis and cholesterogesis from [1-^<14>C] acetate were stimulated. No statistically significant changes in body weight, adrenal weight and hematocrit values by saikosaponin administrations were observed. Over 80 percent of intraperitoneally injected [^<14>C] saikosaponin was excreted in feces in 7 days, while trace amount was excreted in urine. Saikosaponins a, d and respective aglycons, but not c and its aglycon, had either anti-inflammatory or metabolic actions. It is conceivable, therefore, that aglycon portions of saikosaponin a and d, which have the 4 α-CH_2OH, are essential structures for the biological actions.

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